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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
SCHEDULE 14A
Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Filed by the Registrant ☒
Filed by a Party other than the Registrant ☐
Check the appropriate box:
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Preliminary Proxy Statement
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Confidential, for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))
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Definitive Proxy Statement
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Definitive Additional Materials
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Soliciting Material under § 240.14a-11(c) or § 240.14a-12
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Terra Property Trust, Inc.
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(Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)
   
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(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if other than Registrant)
Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box)
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No fee required.
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Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.
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Fee computed on table in exhibit required by Item 25(b) per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11.
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[MISSING IMAGE: lg_terrapropertytrust-bwlr.jpg][MISSING IMAGE: lg_terrapropertytrust-bwlr.jpg]
Terra Property Trust, Inc.
205 West 28th Street, 12th Floor
New York, New York 10001
November   , 2023April 26, 2024​
Dear Stockholder:
You are cordially invited to attend a Specialthe Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Terra Property Trust, Inc., which will be held as a “virtual meeting” via live webcast on November 30, 2023July 16, 2024 at 9:00 a.m., Eastern Time. You will be able to attend the SpecialAnnual Meeting and vote and submit questions during the Annual Meeting via a live webcast.
The Notice of the SpecialAnnual Meeting of Stockholders and proxy statement accompanying this letter provide an outline of the business to be conducted at the SpecialAnnual Meeting. Our board of directors unanimously recommends that you vote for alleach of the proposals to be considered and voted on at the SpecialAnnual Meeting.
Whether or not you plan to attend the virtual SpecialAnnual Meeting, I urge you to authorize a proxy to vote your shares as soon as possible. You may authorize a proxy to vote your shares on the Internet or by telephone, or, if you received the proxy materials by mail, you may also authorize a proxy to vote your shares by mail. Your vote will ensure your representation at the SpecialAnnual Meeting regardless of whether you attend via webcast on November 30, 2023.July 16, 2024.
YOUR VOTE IS IMPORTANT TO US. THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION TO THIS MATTER, AND FOR YOUR CONTINUED SUPPORT OF, AND INTEREST IN, OUR COMPANY.
Sincerely yours,
/s/ Vikram S. Uppal
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Vikram S. Uppal
Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer
 
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TERRA PROPERTY TRUST, INC.
205 West 28th Street, 12th Floor
New York, New York 10001
NOTICE OF SPECIALANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
To Be Held on November 30, 2023July 16, 2024
To the Stockholders of Terra Property Trust, Inc.:
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT a Specialthe Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Special“Annual Meeting”) of Terra Property Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation, will be held as a “virtual meeting” via live webcast on November 30, 2023July 16, 2024 at 9:00 a.m., Eastern Time. You will be able to attend the SpecialAnnual Meeting and vote and submit questions during the SpecialAnnual Meeting via a live webcast by visiting www.meetnow.global/MQPT7QT.M49792H. The SpecialAnnual Meeting is held for the following purposes:
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To considerelect the six members of our board of directors named in the enclosed proxy statement to serve as our directors until the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders and vote upon a proposal to amenduntil their successors are duly elected and restatequalify;
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To ratify the appointment of KPMG LLP as our Articles of Amendment and Restatement;independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024; and
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To transact such other business that may properly come before the SpecialAnnual Meeting, and any adjournments or postponements thereof.
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The foregoing items are discussed in the following pages, which are made part of this notice. Our board of directors has fixed the close of business on October 30, 2023,April 19, 2024, as the record date for the determination of stockholders entitled to notice of, and to vote at, the SpecialAnnual Meeting and any adjournments or postponements thereof.
Pursuant to rules adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission, we have provided access to our proxy materials over the Internet. Accordingly, we are sending a Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy Materials (the “Notice”) to holders of record of our Class B common stock as of the close of business on April 19, 2024. The Notice contains instructions for your use in this process, including how to access our proxy statement, proxy card and annual report over the Internet, how to request a paper copy of our proxy statement, proxy card and annual report, and how to participate in the virtual Annual Meeting.
Management and our board of directors unanimously recommend that you vote FOR all nominees for directors listed in the proposed amendmentProxy Statement and restatementFOR the ratification of the appointment of KPMG LLP as our Articles of Amendment and Restatement.independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2024.

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Important notice regarding the availability of proxy materials for the SpecialAnnual Meeting. Our proxy statement, the proxy card and our annual report to stockholders for the year ended December 31, 2022,2023, are available at https://www.proxy-direct.com/ter-33638.ter-33892.
Stockholders, whether or not they expect to be present at the SpecialAnnual Meeting, are requested to authorize a proxy to vote their shares electronically via the Internet, by telephone or by completing and returning the proxy card. Voting instructions are included in the Notice and proxy card and included in the accompanying Proxy Statement. Any person giving a proxy has the power to revoke it at any time prior to the SpecialAnnual Meeting and stockholders who participate at the SpecialAnnual Meeting may withdraw their proxies and vote online.
By Order of the Board of Directors,
/s/ Gregory M. Pinkus
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Gregory M. Pinkus
Secretary
          , 2023April 26, 2024
 
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TERRA PROPERTY TRUST, INC.
205 West 28th Street, 12th Floor
New York, New York 10001
SPECIALANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
TO BE HELD ON NOVEMBER 30, 2023JULY 16, 2024
PROXY STATEMENT
GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE SPECIALANNUAL MEETING AND VOTING
This Proxy Statement is furnished in connection with the solicitation of proxies by the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of Terra Property Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation, for use at a Specialour Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held as a “virtual meeting” via live webcast on November 30, 2023July 16, 2024 at 9:00 a.m., Eastern Time, and any adjournments or postponements thereof (the “Special“Annual Meeting”). You will be able to attend the SpecialAnnual Meeting and vote and submit questions during the SpecialAnnual Meeting via a live audio webcast by visiting www.meetnow.global/MQPT7QT.M49792H. This proxy statement and the accompanying materials will be first mailedare being made available on or about November  , 2023,April 26, 2024, to stockholders of record and are also available at https://www.proxy-direct.com/ter-33638.ter-33892.
Except as otherwise specified herein, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” and “our company” refer to Terra Property Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation, together with its subsidiaries, the term “shares” refers to shares of our Class B commonCommon stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Class B Common Stock”), and the term “stockholders” refers to holders of our Class B Common Stock.
Where and when will the SpecialAnnual Meeting be held?
The SpecialAnnual Meeting will be held as a “virtual meeting” via live webcast on November 30, 2023July 16, 2024 at 9:00 a.m., Eastern Time. You will be able to attend the SpecialAnnual Meeting and vote and submit questions during the SpecialAnnual Meeting via a live audio webcast by visiting www.meetnow.global/MQPT7QT.M49792H. Log on to the webcast with your control number (the 14-digit control number found in the shaded box of your proxy card).
Representatives of our principal accountants forWhat are the current year and for the most recently completed fiscal year are not expected to be present at the Special Meeting
What is this documentproxy materials and why have I received them?
ThisPursuant to the rules adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), we have provided access to our “proxy materials,” which include this Proxy Statement, and the enclosedour form of proxy card and our annual report to stockholders for the year ended December 31, 2023, over the Internet. Accordingly, we are sending a Notice of Internet Availability of Proxy

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Materials (the “Notice”) to our holders of record of our Class B Common Stock as of the close of business on April 19, 2024 (the “Record Date”). We believe that posting these materials on the Internet enables us to provide stockholders with the information that they need more quickly. It also lowers our costs of printing and delivering these materials and reduces the environmental impact of our Annual Meeting. The Notice contains instructions for your use in this process, including how to access our proxy materials over the Internet, how to request a paper copy of our proxy materials, and how to participate in the virtual Annual Meeting.
If you are a stockholder of record as of the close of business on the Record Date, the Notice will be sent directly to you and you may vote your shares online during the Annual Meeting or by proxy. If you are unable to attend the Annual Meeting virtually, it is very important that your shares be represented and voted online during the virtual meeting. You may authorize your proxy to vote your shares over the Internet or by telephone as described in the Notice and proxy card. Alternatively, if you received a paper copy of the proxy card by mail, please complete, date, sign and promptly return the proxy card in the self-addressed stamped envelope provided. If you authorize a proxy over the Internet, by mail or by telephone prior to the Annual Meeting, you may nevertheless revoke your proxy and cast your vote electronically at the virtual Annual Meeting.
If you hold shares in “street name” through a broker or other financial institution, the Notice was forwarded to you by such intermediary, and you must follow the instructions provided by your broker or other financial institution regarding how to instruct your broker or financial institution to vote your shares.
Our proxy materials are being furnished to you, as our stockholder,a holder of shares, because ourthe Board is soliciting your proxy to vote at the SpecialAnnual Meeting. This Proxy Statement contains information that stockholders should consider before voting on the proposals to be presented at the Special Meeting.
We intend to mail this Proxy Statement and accompanying proxy card on or about November   , 2023 to all stockholders of record entitled to vote at the SpecialAnnual Meeting.
What am I voting on?
AtThere are two proposals scheduled to be considered and voted on at the Special Meeting, you are being asked to considerAnnual Meeting:
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Proposal 1:   Election of six director nominees listed herein; and vote upon a proposal to amend and restate
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Proposal 2:   Ratification of the appointment of KPMG LLP, as our Articles of Amendment and Restatement.independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2024.
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Dissenters’ rights are not applicable to matters being voted upon.

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What is the required vote for approval of theeach proposal?
The affirmativeProposal 1:   Election of six director nominees listed herein. A plurality of all the votes cast at the Annual Meeting, virtually via webcast or by proxy, is required for the election of each nominee for director. Each share entitles the holder thereof to vote for as many individuals as there are directors to be elected and for whose election the holder is entitled to vote. However, stockholders may not cumulate their votes. With plurality voting, the director nominees who receive the most “for” votes are elected to the Board until all Board seats are filled. In an uncontested election, where the number of nominees and available Board seats are equal (as is the case with our company), every director nominee is elected upon receiving just one “for” vote. If you vote “Withhold Authority” with respect to a majoritydirector nominee, your shares will not be voted with respect to such nominee. Because directors are elected by a plurality of all votes entitled to be cast, is required to approve the proposed amendment and restatement of our Articles of Amendment and Restatement. Abstentionsabstentions and broker non-votes will have no effect on the effectelection of directors.
Proposal 2:   Ratification of the appointment of KPMG LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm the year ending December 31, 2024. A majority of the votes cast at the Annual Meeting, virtually via webcast or by proxy, is required for the auditor ratification proposal. Abstentions, if any, will not affect the outcome of this proposal. Your shares may be voted on for this proposal if they are held in the name of a vote againstbrokerage firm even if you do not provide the amendment and restatement proposal.brokerage firm with voting instructions.
How does the Board recommend that I vote?
OurThe Board recommends that you vote your shares as follows:
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FOR the proposed amendmentelection of each of the six director nominees listed herein; and restatement of our Articles of Amendment and Restatement.

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FOR the ratification of the appointment of KPMG LLP, as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2024.
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Who can vote?
Holders of record of our shares of our common stock as of the close of business on October 27, 2023April 19, 2024 (the “Record Date”) will be entitled to vote at the virtual SpecialAnnual Meeting. As of the Record Date, there were 24,335,71124,336,423.83 shares of our Class B Common Stock outstanding. You are entitled to one vote for each share you held as of the Record Date.
How do I vote if I am a registered stockholder?
If you are a registered stockholder, you may authorize a proxy to vote your shares in any of the following ways described below, or in person by attending the virtual SpecialAnnual Meeting:

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via the Internet by going to the website listed on your proxy card and following the on-screen directions (please see “How can I authorize a proxy to vote over the Internet or by telephone?” below for more information);
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by touch-tone by calling the toll-free number listed on your proxy card and following the recorded instructions (please see “How can I authorize a proxy to vote over the Internet or by telephone?” below for more information);
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by mail by marking, signing, dating and returning the enclosed proxy card; or
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in person by virtually attending and voting at the SpecialAnnual Meeting.
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If you authorize a proxy by telephone or Internet, you do not need to mail your proxy card. See the proxy card for more instructions on how to vote your shares.
All proxies that are properly executed and received by our Secretary prior to the SpecialAnnual Meeting, and are not revoked, will be voted at the SpecialAnnual Meeting. Even if you plan to virtually attend the SpecialAnnual Meeting, we urge you to return your proxy card or submit a proxy by telephone or via the Internet to assure the representation of your shares at the SpecialAnnual Meeting.
How do I vote if I hold my shares in “street name”?
If you hold your shares through an intermediary, such as a bank or broker, you must register in advance to attend the virtual SpecialAnnual Meeting. To register to attend the SpecialAnnual Meeting online by webcast you must submit proof of your proxy power (legal proxy) reflecting your holdings along with your name and email address to Computershare. You must contact the bank or broker who holds your shares to obtain your legal proxy. Requests for registration must be labeled as “Legal Proxy” and be received no later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, three (3) business days prior to the date of the SpecialAnnual Meeting. You will receive a confirmation of your registration by email after we receive your registration materials. Requests for registration should be directed to us by emailing an image of your legal proxy to shareholdermeetings@computershare.com.
How can I authorize a proxy to vote over the Internet or by telephone?
Internet.   To authorize a proxy to vote electronically via the Internet, go to the website listed on your proxy card and follow the instructions. Please have your proxy card in hand when accessing the website, as it contains a 14-digit control number and 8-digit security code, which are required to record your voting instructions via the Internet.

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Phone.   If you have access to a touch-tone telephone, you may authorize your proxy by dialing the toll-free number listed on your proxy card and following the recorded instructions. You will need the 14-digit control number and 8-digit security code included on your proxy card in order to record your voting instructions by telephone.
You can authorize a proxy to vote via the Internet or by telephone at any time prior to 11:59 p.m., Eastern Time, on November 29, 2023,July 15, 2024, the day before the SpecialAnnual Meeting.
What if I return my proxy but do not mark it to show how I am voting?
If you submit a signed proxy without indicating your vote on any matter, the designated proxies will affirmatively vote to elect all six director nominees as directors and to approve the proposed amendment and restatementratification of the appointment of KPMG LLP as our Articles of Amendment and Restatement.independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2024.

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What if other matters come up at the SpecialAnnual Meeting?
At the date this Proxy Statement went to print, we did not know of any matters to be properly presented at the SpecialAnnual Meeting other than those referred to in this Proxy Statement. If other matters are properly presented for consideration at the SpecialAnnual Meeting or any adjournment or postponement thereof and you are a stockholder of record and have submitted a proxy card, the persons named in your proxy card will have the discretion to vote on those matters for you.
Can I change my vote or revoke my proxy after I authorize my proxy?
Yes.   At any time before the vote on a proposal, youYou can change your vote either by:by taking any of the following actions:
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executing or authorizing, dating and delivering to us a new proxy with a later date that is received prior to 11:59 p.m., Eastern Time, on November 29, 2023July 15, 2024 (the day immediately prior to the date of the SpecialAnnual Meeting);
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authorizing a proxy again via the Internet or by telephone at a later time before the closing of those voting facilities at 11:59 p.m., Eastern Time, on November 29, 2023July 15, 2024 (the day immediately prior to the date of the SpecialAnnual Meeting);
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sending a written statement revoking your proxy card to our Secretary, provided such statement is received no later than November 29, 2023July 15, 2024 (the day immediately prior to the date of the SpecialAnnual Meeting); or
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virtually attending the SpecialAnnual Meeting, revoking your proxy and voting your shares.
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Your virtual attendance at the SpecialAnnual Meeting will not, by itself, revoke a proxy previously authorized by you. We will honor the proxy card or authorization with the latest date. Proxy revocation notices should be sent to: Terra Property Trust, Inc., 205 West 28th Street, 12th Floor, New York, New York 10001, Attention: Secretary. New paper proxy cards should be sent to: Terra Property Trust, Inc., c/o Proxy Tabulator, PO Box 43132, Providence RI, 02940-9434.
How cando I attend and vote at the SpecialAnnual Meeting?
The SpecialAnnual Meeting will be a virtual meeting of stockholders. The virtual meeting format forstockholders, which allows stockholders to more easily attend the SpecialAnnual Meeting without incurring travel costs or other inconveniences. If you plan to attend the Annual Meeting online, you will enable full and equal participation by all our stockholders from any placeneed the control number included in your Notice, on your proxy card or on the world at little to no cost. We designed the format of the Special Meeting to ensureinstructions that our stockholders who virtually attend our Special Meeting will be afforded the same rights and opportunities to participate as they would at an in-person meeting and to enhance stockholder access, participation and communication.accompany your proxy materials.
If you are a stockholder of record, you will be able to attend the SpecialAnnual Meeting and vote and submit questions during the SpecialAnnual Meeting via a live audio webcast by visiting www.meetnow.global/MQPT7QT,M49792H, which provides our stockholders rights and opportunities to vote and ask questions equivalent to in-person meetings of stockholders. Log on to the webcast with your control number (the 14-digit control number found in the shaded box of your proxy card). The Annual Meeting will convene at 9:00 a.m., Eastern Time, on July 16, 2024.
Can I vote my shares in person at the virtual Annual Meeting?
If you are a stockholder of record as of the close of business on the Record Date and prefer to vote your shares at the virtual Annual Meeting, you may do so. Even if you plan to attend the virtual Annual Meeting, we encourage you to authorize a proxy to vote your shares in advance by Internet, telephone or mail as described in the Notice and herein so that your vote will be counted even if you later decide not to attend the Annual Meeting.
What constitutes a quorum?
We will convene the SpecialAnnual Meeting if stockholders representing the required quorum of shares of our common stock entitled to vote either sign and return their paper proxy cards, authorize a proxy to vote electronically or telephonically or virtually attend the Specialvirtual Annual Meeting. The presence, either virtually in person or by proxy, at the SpecialAnnual Meeting of at least fifty percent (50%) of all the votes entitled to be cast on any matter will constitute a quorum. If a quorum is not present at the SpecialAnnual Meeting, the Chairman of the SpecialAnnual Meeting may adjourn the SpecialAnnual Meeting to a date not more than 120 days from the original Record Date for the Annual Meeting without notice other than an announcement at the SpecialAnnual Meeting. If you sign and return your

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paper proxy card or authorize a proxy to vote electronically or telephonically, your shares will be counted to determine whether we have a quorum even if you abstain or fail to vote as indicated in the proxy materials. Broker non-votes and abstentionsAbstentions will also be considered present for the purpose of determining whether we have a quorum.

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Who will count the votes?
Votes cast by proxy or virtually in person at the Specialvirtual Annual Meeting will be tabulated by an appointed inspector of election.
Where can I find the voting results of the SpecialAnnual Meeting?
We intend to announce preliminary voting results at the SpecialAnnual Meeting and then disclose the final results in a Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC within four business days after the date of the SpecialAnnual Meeting.
How can I get additional copies of this Proxy Statement relating to this solicitation?
You may obtain additional copies of this Proxy Statement by writing to Terra Property Trust, Inc., 205 West 28th Street, 12th Floor, New York, New York 10001, Attention: Secretary.
Where can I get more information about Terra Property Trust, Inc.?
In connection with this solicitation, we have provided you with our Annual Report that contains our audited financial statements. We also file reports and other documents with the SEC. You can view these documents at the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov. You can also find more information on our website at www.terrapropertytrust.com.
How is this solicitation being made?
This solicitation is being made primarily through the Internet and by the mailing of these proxy materials.mail. Supplemental solicitations may be made by mail or telephone by our officers and representatives, who will receive no extra compensation for their services. All costs and expenses associated with the solicitation of proxies in connection with the SpecialAnnual Meeting, including preparing and delivering these proxy materials, will be borne by us. We will reimburse brokerage firms and others for their reasonable expenses in forwarding solicitation material to the beneficial owners of our shares. We have engagedhired Computershare Fund Services to assist us in the distribution of our proxy materials.materials and for the solicitation of proxy votes. We will pay Computershare Fund Services customary fees and expenses for these services.services of approximately $65,000.

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Will my vote make a difference?
YOUR VOTE IS VERY IMPORTANT! Your vote is needed to ensure that the proposals can be acted upon. Your immediate response will help avoid potential delays and may save us significant additional expenses associated with soliciting stockholder votes. We encourage you to participate in the governance of our company.
 
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PROPOSAL 1: AMENDMENT AND RESTATEMENTELECTION OF OUR CHARTERDIRECTORS
Our Board has proposeddirectors are elected annually for a term of one year, and declared advisableserve until the amendmentnext annual meeting of stockholders and restatement of our Articles of Amendmentuntil their successors are duly elected and Restatement (as amended to date, our “charter”) discussedqualify.
Each director nominee named below and has directed that the amendment and restatement of our charter be submitted for consideration by our stockholders at the Special Meeting.
If the proposed amendment and restatement of our charter is approved by our stockholders at the Special Meeting, the approved amendment and restatement of our charter will become effective upon the filing of Second Articles of Amendment and Restatement (the “Second Articles”) with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland (the “SDAT”). We intend to file the Second Articles with SDAT promptly after the Special Meeting if the proposed amendment and restatement of our charter is approved. If the proposed amendment and restatement of our charter is not approved by our stockholders at the Special Meeting, then the Second Articles will not be filed, and our charter will remain in full force and effect as it is now, without modification.
The affirmative vote of a majority of all votes entitled to be cast on the proposed amendment and restatement of our charter is required to amend and restate our charter as discussed below. Because the proposed amendment and restatement of our charter require the affirmative vote of a majority of all votes entitled to be cast for approval, abstentions and broker non-votes, if any, will have the effect of votes against the proposed amendment and restatement.
Please see the form of Second Articles attached hereto as Annex A, which has been marked to shownominated by the changes to our existing charter. The descriptions of the amendments to our charter included in the Second Articles set forth below are qualified in their entirety by referenceBoard for election to the formBoard, each to serve for a term of Second Articles attached hereto as Annex A. Our stockholders are encouraged to carefully review the terms of the Second Articles. Any defined terms used and not otherwise defined below have the terms given to such terms in the Second Articles.
AMENDMENTS TO PERMIT EARLIER CONVERSION OF CLASS B COMMON STOCK INTO CLASS A COMMON STOCK
Our charter currently provides that 180 calendar days (or, if such date is not a business day, the next business day) after the date (the “First Conversion Date”) of initial listing of shares of our Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share (“Class A Common Stock”), for tradingoffice commencing on a national securities exchange or such earlier date as approved by our Board, one-third of the issued and outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock will automatically convert into an equal number of shares of our Class A Common Stock. 365 calendar days (or, if such date is not a business day, the next business day) after the date of initial listing of shares of Class A Common Stock for trading on a national securities exchange or such earlier date following the First Conversion Date as approved by our Board (the “Second Conversion Date”), one-half of the issued and outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock will automatically convert into an equal number of shares of Class A Common Stock. 545 calendar days (or, if such date is not a business day, the next business day) after the date of initial listing of shares of Class A Common Stock for trading on a national securities exchange or such earlier date following the Second Conversion Date as approved by our Board, all of the issued and outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock will automatically convert into an equal number of shares of Class A Common Stock.
To provide us with greater flexibility to potentially conduct a “direct listing” ​(i.e., a listing not involving an initial public offering of our shares) of our Class A Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”), our Board desires to amend Section 6.2 of our charter in order to allow our Board, effective upon any such direct listing, to convert such number of the issued and outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock as our Board determines in its sole discretion into an equal number of shares of Class A Common Stock (an “Early Conversion”). As amended, our charter would also provide that (i) 365 calendar days (or, if such date is not a business day, the next business day) after the date of the Early Conversion (or such earlier date following the Early Conversion as approved by our Board) (the “Initial Automatic Conversion Date”), one-half of the remaining outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock will automatically convert into an equal number of shares of Class A Common Stock,Annual Meeting and (ii) 545 calendar days (or, if such date is not a business day, the next business day) after the Early Conversion (or such earlier date following the Initial Automatic

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Conversion date approved by our Board), all of the remaining outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock will automatically convert into an equal number of shares of Class A Common Stock.
For the full text of the proposed amendments to Section 6.2, see the form of Second Articles attached hereto as Annex A.
AMENDMENTS TO INCLUDE SPRINGING PROVISIONS REQUIRED BY THE NASAA REIT GUIDELINES
A REIT which engages in a continuous public offering of shares of stock registered with the SEC under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, but which does not have its shares listed on a national securities exchange (commonly referred to as “public, non-listed REIT”), is required to register its public offering with the state securities administrators in each state in which the REIT desires to offer and sell its shares. In reviewing the registration application of a public, non-listed REIT, state securities administrators generally require that the REIT’s charter include the numerous requirements imposed by the Statement of Policy Regarding Real Estate Investment Trusts published by the North American Securities Administrators Association (the “NASAA REIT Guidelines”). The NASAA REIT Guidelines impose numerous detailed terms and limitations on a public, non-listed REIT’s operations and corporate governance.
Our Board desires to amend and restate our charter to include the provisions required by the NASAA REIT Guidelines, provided that such provisions (the “Springing NASAA Provisions”) would not take effect unless and until the date that the SEC declares effective our registration statement with respect to our first public offering as a public, non-listed REIT (i.e., a public offering registered with the SEC and the states, without any listing of our shares, which is referred to herein as the “Non-Traded REIT IPO”). If our Non-Traded REIT IPO never occurs, the Springing NASAA Provisions will have no force or effect and are not expected to impair our ability to engage in our strategic transactions in the future. Obtaining stockholder approval of the Springing NASAA Provisions at the Special Meeting would enable us to raise capital as a public, non-listed REIT in the future without the cost or delay of seeking another stockholder vote to amend our charter at such time.
Set forth below is a summary of the Springing NASAA Provisions included in the Second Articles, each of which will only take effect as of our Non-Traded REIT IPO. The summary below is not exhaustive and is qualified in its entirety by the complete text of the Second Articles attached hereto as Annex A.
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Provisions Regarding Directors and Board Actions
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An “Independent Director” is defined for purposes of our charter as a director who is notending on the date of determination,the 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders and withinuntil their successor is duly elected and qualifies. Each director nominee has agreed to serve as a director if elected and has consented to being named as a nominee. Each director nominee currently serves as a member of the last two yearsBoard.
A stockholder can vote for, or withhold its vote from, any or all of the datedirector nominees. In the absence of determinationinstructions to the contrary, it is the intention of the persons named as proxies to affirmatively vote such proxy for the election of each of the director nominees named below. If any of the director nominees should decline or be unable to serve as a director, the persons named as proxies will vote for such other nominee as may be proposed by the Board. The Board has not been, directlyno reason to believe that any of the persons named will be unable or indirectly associated with Terra Capital Partners (collectively,unwilling to serve.
Information about Director Nominees
The following table and biographical descriptions set forth certain information regarding the “Sponsor”) ordirector nominees.
Name​​Age​​Position​
Vikram S. Uppal​​40​​Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer​
Roger H. Beless​​62​​Independent Director​
Michael L. Evans​​72​​Independent Director​
Adrienne M. Everett​​38​​Independent Director​
Spencer E. Goldenberg​​41​​Independent Director​
Gaurav Misra​​48​​Independent Director​
Vikram S. Uppal has served as the Chairman of the Board since November 2021, as one of our directors from February 2018 to November 2021, and as our Chief Executive Officer, Terra REIT Advisors, LLC our external manager (including any successor thereto, the “Adviser”(our “Manager”), Terra Fund Advisors, LLC (“Terra Fund Advisors”) by virtue of (a) ownership of an interest in the Sponsor, the Adviser or any of their affiliates, (b) employment by the Sponsor, the Adviser or any of their affiliates, (c) service as an officer or director of the Sponsor, the Adviser or any of their affiliates, (d) performance of services, other thanand Terra Capital Partners, LLC (“Terra Capital Partners”) since December 2018 and as a director of Mavik Real Estate Special Opportunities Fund, L.P. (“RESOF”) since October 2020. Mr. Uppal has also served as Chief Investment Officer for our company, (e) service as a director or trustee of more than three REITs organized by the Sponsor or advised by the Adviser or (f) maintenance of a material business or professional relationship with the Sponsor, the Adviser or any of their affiliates.
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A majority ofTerra Capital Partners and our directors must be Independent Directors (as defined above) except for a period of up to 60 days after the death, removal or resignation of an Independent Director pending the election of their successor, and majority of the members of each committee of our Board must be Independent Directors.
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Only Independent Directors (if any) may nominate replacements for vacancies among the Independent Directors’ positions.
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Each director must have at least three years of relevant experience demonstrating the knowledge and experience required to successfully acquire and manage the type of assets we acquire, and at least one Independent Director must have at least three years of relevant real estate experience.
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Subject to the rights of any classes or series of preferred stock to elect or remove directors, any director, or our entire Board, may be removed at any time by the affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast in the election of directors.
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Provisions Regarding Stock, Distributions and Investors
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The issuance of preferred stock must be approved by a majority of the Independent Directors.
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Distributions in kind are not permitted, except for distributions of readily marketable securities, distributions of beneficial interests in a liquidating trust established for our dissolution and liquidation or distributions of in-kind property which meet certain additional criteria.
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Until a listing of our stock, all purchasers of shares of our common stock sold in our Non-Traded REIT IPO will be subject to the minimum gross income and net worth investor suitability standards required by the NASAA REIT Guidelines.
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Any repurchase of shares pursuant to any stock repurchase plan we establish may not impair our capital or operations, and neither the Sponsor, the Adviser, any director nor any affiliate thereof may receive any fees from the repurchase of our stock.
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Under any distribution reinvestment plan we establish, (i) all material information regarding the effect of reinvesting distributions, including tax consequences, must be provided to our stockholders at least annually, and (ii) each participant in such a reinvestment plan must have a reasonable opportunity to withdraw from the plan at least annually.
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Provisions Regarding Liability and Indemnification
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We will not indemnify or hold harmless a director, the Adviser or any of our affiliates (collectively, the “Indemnitees”) for any liability suffered by us unless all of the following conditions are met:
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The Indemnitee has determined, in good faith, that the course of conduct that caused the liability was in our best interests.
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The Indemnitee was acting on behalf of or performing services for us.
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Such liability or loss was not the result of (i) negligence or misconduct, if the Indemnitee is a director (other than an Independent Director), the Adviser or our affiliate or (ii) gross negligence or willful misconduct, if the Indemnitee is an Independent Director.
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Such indemnification or agreement to hold harmless is recoverable only out of our Net Assets and not from our stockholders.
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We will not indemnify an Indemnitee or any person acting as a broker-dealer for any liability arising out of an alleged violation of federal or state securities laws unless one or more of the following conditions are met:
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a successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged securities law violations;
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such claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction; or
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a court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of the claims against the Indemnitee, among other conditions.
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Provisions Regarding the Adviser, Fees and Expenses
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Our management agreement with the Adviser (the “Advisory Agreement”) may have a term of no more than one year, subject to an unlimited number of successive one-year renewals upon mutual consent of the parties.
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A majority of the Independent Directors may terminate the Advisory Agreement on 60 days’ written notice without cause or penalty (including any termination fee).
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The Board must review and evaluate the qualifications of the Adviser before entering into, and evaluate the performance of the Adviser before renewing, an Advisory Agreement. The
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Independent Directors will be responsible for reviewing, at least annually, the performance of the Adviser and determining that compensation to be paid to the Adviser is reasonable in relation to the services performed and that such compensation is within the limits prescribed by the charter.
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Acquisition fees paid by us to the Adviser must be reasonable and may not exceed 6% of the purchase price paid for the acquired property or, in the case of a mortgage, 6% of the funds advanced.
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Disposition fees paid by us to the Adviser upon the sale of a property may not exceed the lesser of (i) one-half of the Competitive Real Estate Commission or (ii) 3% of the sales price of such property; provided, however, that in no event may the aggregate of the disposition fees and any real estate commissions paid to unaffiliated third parties exceed 6.0% of the contract sales price.
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Incentive fee paid by us to the Adviser in the form of an interest in our gain from the disposition of assets must be reasonable. Such an interest in gain from the sale of assets will be considered reasonable if it does not exceed 15% of the balance of such net proceeds remaining after payment to our common stockholders, in the aggregate, of an amount equal to 100% of the Invested Capital, plus an amount equal to 6% of the Invested Capital per annum cumulative.
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Following the fourth fiscal quarter after the Non-Traded REIT IPO commences, we may not reimburse the Adviser at the end of any fiscal quarter for Total Operating Expenses that, in the four consecutive fiscal quarters then ended, exceed the greater of 2% of our Average Invested Assets or 25% of our Net Income for such four fiscal quarters, unless the Independent Directors determine, based on such unusual and non-recurring factors that they deem sufficient, that a higher level of expense reimbursement is justified and written disclosure of such determination is provided to our stockholders.
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Provisions Regarding Investment and Leverage Limitations
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Our charter, as amended, will include the limitations upon investment activity required by the NASAA REIT Guidelines, including, without limitation:
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The following limits on investments in or originations of mortgages:
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We may not invest in or originate any mortgage (excluding any investments in mortgage pools, commercial mortgage-backed securities or residential mortgage-backed securities) unless an appraisal is obtained concerning the underlying property, except for those loans insured or guaranteed by a government or government agency.
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We may not invest in or originate any mortgage, including a construction loan but excluding any investments in mortgage pools, commercial mortgage-backed securities or residential mortgage-backed securities, on any single real property if the aggregate amount of all mortgage loans on such property, including our loans, would exceed 85% of the appraised value of such property as determined by appraisal (unless substantial justification exists due to other underwriting criteria).
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We may not invest in or originate any mortgages (excluding any investments in mortgage pools, commercial mortgage-backed securities or residential mortgage-backed securities) that are subordinate to any lien or other indebtedness or equity interest of the Adviser, the Sponsor, any director or any affiliate thereof.
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We may not invest in equity securities unless a majority of our directors (including a majority of the Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction approve such investment as being fair, competitive and commercially reasonable.
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Not more than 10% of our total assets may be invested in unimproved real property or indebtedness secured thereby.
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We may not invest in commodities and commodities futures contracts or real estate contracts of sales, subject to certain conditions and exceptions.
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Our aggregate leverage must be reasonable in relation to our Net Assets and the maximum leverage in relation to Net Assets may not exceed 300%; provided, that our leverage may exceed such limit if any excess over such level is approved by a majority of the Independent Directors.
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Provisions Regarding Related Party Transactions
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We may only purchase or lease an asset from, or sell or lease an asset to, or engage in any other material transaction with, the Sponsor, the Adviser, a director or any affiliate thereof, upon a finding by a majority of Directors (including a majority of Independent Directors) that such transaction is fair and reasonable to us and, in the case of a purchase by us, at a price no greater than the cost of the asset to such Sponsor, Adviser, director or affiliate.
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We may not make loans to the Sponsor, the Adviser, a director or any affiliate thereof except mortgages (as permitted by our charter) or loans to our wholly owned subsidiaries.
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We may not borrow money from the Sponsor, the Adviser, a director or any affiliate thereof unless approved by a majority of the Directors (including a majority of the Independent Directors).
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Provisions Regarding Voting and Stockholder Meetings
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Special stockholder meetings may be called upon request of stockholders entitled to cast 10% of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting.
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Holders of a majority of our shares entitled to vote present in person or by proxy may vote to elect our directors.
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A quorum will be the presence in person or by proxy of stockholders entitled to cast at least 50% of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting on any matter.
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Except for those amendments permitted to be made without stockholder approval under Maryland law or by specific provision in our charter, any amendment to the charter will be valid only if declared advisable by the Board and approved by the affirmative vote of a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter.
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Provisions Regarding Roll-Up Transactions
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In connection with any transaction involving our acquisition, merger, conversion or consolidation, directly or indirectly, and the issuance of securities of another entity (a “roll-up entity”), that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of such transaction (excluding any transaction involving our securities that have been listed on a national securities exchange for at least 12 months) (a “Roll-Up”), we must obtain an appraisal of our assets from a competent independent appraiser. A summary of the appraisal, indicating all material assumptions underlying it, must be included in a report to our stockholders in connection with any proposed Roll-Up.
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In connection with a proposed Roll-Up, the person sponsoring the Roll-Up must offer to our stockholders who vote against the Roll-Up the choice of:
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accepting the securities of a roll-up entity offered in the proposed Roll-Up; or
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either: (a) remaining holders of our common stock and preserving their interests therein on the pre-existing terms, or (b) receiving cash based on the appraised value of our net assets.
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We are prohibited from participating in any Roll-Up that would result in, among other things, our common stockholders having voting rights in a roll-up entity that are less than those provided in our charter.
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Miscellaneous
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The Second Articles also include provisions required by the NASAA REIT Guidelines regarding:
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Right of stockholders to inspect corporate books and records;
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Right of stockholders to access to stockholder lists;
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Annual reports to stockholders;
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Rights of our directors, the Adviser and their affiliates to vote their shares of our stock;
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The creation of defined terms, as generally defined by the NASAA REIT guidelines, necessary to implement the provisions discussed above; and
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Certain provisions which, while not required bysince February 2018. Mr. Uppal also served as the NASAA REIT Guidelines, are consistent with provisions required byChief Executive Officer of Terra Income Advisors, LLC (“Terra Income Advisors”) and Terra BDC from April 2019 to October 2022 and as the NASAA REIT GuidelinesChairman of the board of directors and are customary inPresident of Terra BDC from November 2019 to October 2022. Prior to joining Terra Capital Partners, Mr. Uppal was a Partner and Head of Real Estate at Axar Capital Management since 2016. Prior to Axar Capital Management, Mr. Uppal was a Managing Director on the public, non-listed REIT industry or otherwise expected by state securities regulators.
​Investment Team at Fortress Investment Group’s Credit and Real Estate Funds from 2015 to 2016. From 2012 to 2015, Mr. Uppal worked at Mount Kellett Capital Management, a private investment organization, and served as Co-Head of North American Real Estate Investments. Mr. Uppal holds a B.S. from the University of St. Thomas and a M.S. from Columbia University.
AMENDMENTS TO INCLUDE PROVISIONS REGARDING TENDER OFFERSRoger H. Beless
The Second Articles include provisions (collectively, the “Tender Offer Provisions”) governing third-party offers to our stockholders to purchase less than 5% of outstanding shares has served as one of our common stock (commonly referred toindependent directors since February 2018. Since May 2016, Mr. Beless has served as “mini-tender offers”).
WhenChief Operating Officer at StreetLights Residential, where he oversees capital markets, asset and portfolio management, acquisitions and dispositions, and company operations, including accounting, human resources and information technology. Mr. Beless is also a bidder makes a tender offer for more than five percent of a company’s shares, allmember of the SEC’s tender offer rules applySenior Management team and Investment Committee. From June 2012 until March 2016, Mr. Beless served as Managing Director for Mount Kellett Capital Management, where he oversaw global real estate asset management. Prior to such tender offer. These rules require bidders to, among other things, disclose important information about themselvesjoining Mount Kellett, Mr. Beless spent nearly 20 years with Goldman Sachs/Archon Group where he held a number of positions, including co-head of US Real Estate and Chief Operating Officer for Archon Residential, where he oversaw acquisitions, asset management, property management and dispositions. Mr. Beless also spent four years in Tokyo, Japan where he led the startup of Goldman Sachs Realty Japan, Ltd. He formerly served on the advisory board of Waymaker Value and Real Estate and the termsadvisory board of Apartment Life. Mr. Beless holds a B.A. in Economics and Finance from Baylor University and a M.B.A from Southern Methodist University.
Michael L. Evans has served as one of our independent directors since October 2017. Mr. Evans has served as a member of the offer, file their offering documentsboard of directors of Terra BDC from March 2015 to April 2019. Since December 2012, Mr. Evans has been the Managing Director and Chief Financial Officer of Newport LLC (formerly known as Newport Board Group), a CEO and board advisory firm. From June 2010 to September 2011, Mr. Evans served as the Interim Country Manager and Advisory Board Member for Concern Worldwide U.S. Inc., a non-profit humanitarian organization. From January 1977 until June 2010, Mr. Evans was with the SECErnst & Young, LLP (“Ernst & Young”), and provide the target company and any competing bidders with information about the tender offer. These rules also provide investors important protections, including the right to withdraw from the tender offer while it remains open. However, none of the foregoing rules apply to a mini-tender offer.
The Tender Offer Provisions are not required by the NASAA REIT Guidelines, however they are commonly included in the charter documents of public, non-listed REITsserved as a defense against opportunistic mini-tender offers. Unlikepartner since 1984. During his nearly 34 years with Ernst & Young, he served as a tax, audit and consulting services partner, specializing in real estate companies and publicly-traded entities. Mr. Evans previously served on the Springing NASAA Provisions,Advisory Board of Marcus & Millichap, Inc., the Tender Offer Provisions are not contingent upon any future event and will become effective immediately upon the filing of the Second Articles with SDAT. The Tender Offer Provisions will not apply to any shares of our stock which are listed on a securities exchange at the time of the tender offer.
Set forth below is a summary of the Tender Offer Provisions included in Section 13.7 of the Second Articles. The summary below is not exhaustive and is qualified in its entirety by the complete text of the Second Articles attached hereto as Independent Counsel BoardAnnex A.
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Any person that makes a tender offer for our shares (a “Bidder”), including, without limitation, a “mini-tender” offer, must comply with all of the SEC’s tender offer rules, including, without limitation, public disclosure and notice requirements, that would be applicable if the tender offer was for more than 5% of our outstanding shares, provided, however, that such documents are not required to be filed with the SEC.
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Any Bidder must provide us with at least ten business days prior to initiating any tender offer.
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If a Bidder initiates a tender offer without complying with requirements summarized above (a “Non-Compliant Tender Offer”) and we do not recommend acceptance of such Non-Compliant Tender Offer in the statement that we send to our stockholders regarding such Non-Compliant Tender Offer (our “Position Statement”), then any stockholder who tendered their shares in connection with the Non-Compliant Tender Offer may deliver a rescission notice to us within 30 days of issuance of our Position Statement indicating such stockholder’s desire to rescind its tender. Upon timely delivery of such a rescission notice, such stockholder’s purported tender will be deemed void and the Bidder will acquire no rights in such stockholder’s shares. Until the expiration of this 30-day period, we will not record a transfer of shares to the Bidder or its assignee in connection with the Non-Compliant Tender Offer.
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Unless waived by us, any Bidder who makes a Non-Compliant Tender Offer that is not recommended by us in our Position Statement will be responsible for all expenses we incur in connection with our review of the Non-Compliant Tender Offer, the preparation and delivery of our Position Statement and the enforcement of the Tender Offer Provisions.
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MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
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The Second Articles also include various non-material edits designed to:
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Conform terminology and the use of certain defined terms;
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Eliminate redundant provisions;
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Clarify existing language;
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of Prologis Targeted U.S. Logistics Fund and currently serves on the board of directors of Newport LLC and Sen Plex, Inc. Mr. Evans is a licensed attorney and a C.P.A. (inactive) in California. He is currently a contributing business writer for Forbes.com and Allbusiness.com. Mr. Evans holds a B.S.B. in accounting from the University of Minnesota, a J.D. from William Mitchell College of Law and an M.B.A. from Golden Gate University.
•Adrienne M. Everett has served as one of our independent directors since October 2022 and previously served as a member of the board of directors of Terra BDC. Since May 2020, Ms. Everett has served as an Enterprise Account Director for LinkedIn Corporation. Ms. Everett previously served on the Leadership Team, and as a Strategy and Business Development Lead for Neyber Ltd from January 2019 to April 2020. Prior to that, Ms. Everett served with Morgan Stanley as Vice President, Business Development and Regional Diversity Officer from January 2018 to December 2018, an Associate Vice President from July 2016 to January 2018, and an Associate from February 2015 to July 2016. Ms. Everett holds a B.A. in English from Duke University and is in the process of completing a certificate in Women’s Leadership from Oxford University’s Said Business School.
Spencer E. Goldenberg has served as one of our independent directors since October 2022 and previously served as a member of the board of directors of Terra BDC. He has served on the board of managers of Payless Holdings, LLC since January 2023 and as an independent director of Everstory Partners since June 2019 where he has served as a member of the Audit Committee since June 2019, Chairman of the Audit Committee and member of the Trust and Compliance Committee since November 2022 and member of the Compensation, Nominating and Governance Committee from December 2019 to November 2022. Mr. Goldenberg previously served as an independent director of American Gilsonite Company from March 2019 to February 2020. Mr. Goldenberg has served as Chief Financial Officer of Menin Hospitality since June 2018, having previously served as Vice President of Corporate Development from June 2015 to June 2018. Prior to his time at Menin, Mr. Goldenberg was an accountant at Gerstle, Rosen & Goldenberg P.A. from February 2008 to June 2015. From October 2005 until February 2008, Mr. Goldenberg served as a legislative aide to Florida State Senator Gwen Margolis. Mr. Goldenberg holds an active certified public accountant’s license in the state of Florida. Mr. Goldenberg holds a B.A. in International Affairs from Florida State University.
Gaurav Misra has served as one of our independent director since October 2022 and previously served as a member of the board of directors of Terra BDC. Since October 2018, Mr. Misra has served as President of Direct-to-Consumer Brands at RxSense LLC. Mr. Misra previously served as Chief Marketing Officer of Raise Inc. from May 2017 to October 2018, and as Chief Marketing Officer of Vroom Inc. from September 2016 to April 2017.

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Correct inconsistencies; and
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make clerical
Mr. Misra was Chief Executive Officer of BG Media from July 2012 to August 2016. From April 2009 to June 2012, Mr. Misra served as Head of Marketing & Product at Zagat, LLC. Prior to that, Mr. Misra served as Senior Partner with Venturethree Ltd. from 1999 to 2002, and stylistic edits.as Business Analyst with McKinsey & Co. from 1997 to 1999. Mr. Misra holds a B.Eng. in Mechanical Engineering from Imperial College London and an M.B.A. from Harvard Business School.
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VOTING RECOMMENDATION
THE BOARD UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT YOU VOTE “FOR” EACH OF THE PROPOSED AMENDMENT AND RESTATEMENT OF OUR CHARTER AS SET FORTH INDIRECTOR NOMINEES.

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THE SECOND ARTICLESCORPORATE GOVERNANCE INFORMATION
Risk Oversight and Board Structure
We operate under the direction of the Board. The Board has retained our Manager to manage our business and affairs, subject to the supervision of the Board. The Board currently consists of six members. Our bylaws provide that a majority of the entire Board may at any time increase or decrease the number of directors. However, the number of directors may never be less than the minimum number required by the MGCL (which is currently one) nor, unless our bylaws are amended, more than 15.
The Board has determined that each of our directors, except for Vikram S. Uppal, the Chairman of the Board and our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer, satisfies the listing standards for independence of the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) the applicable rules of the SEC. We refer herein to directors who satisfy such independence standards as our “independent directors.” The written charter of the audit committee of the Board (the “Audit Committee”) requires all members of the Audit Committee to be “independent directors” in accordance with the criteria set forth in such charter.
In considering each director and the composition of the Board as a whole, the Board seeks a diverse group of experiences, characteristics, attributes and skills, including diversity in gender, ethnicity and race, which the Board believes enables a director to make a significant contribution to our company, the Board and our stockholders. These experiences, characteristics, attributes and skills include, but are not limited to, management experience, independence, financial expertise and experience serving as directors or directors of other entities. The Board believes that directors who possess these experiences, characteristics, attributes and skills are better able to provide oversight of our management and our long-term and strategic objectives. The Board may also consider such other experiences, characteristics, attributes and skills as it deems appropriate, given the then-current needs of our company and the Board.
Board’s Role in Risk Oversight
Through its direct oversight role, and indirectly through its committees, the Board performs a risk oversight function for us consisting of, among other things, the following activities:
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at regular and special Board meetings, and on an ad hoc basis as needed, receiving and reviewing reports related to our performance and operations;
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reviewing and approving, as applicable, our compliance policies and procedures;
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(3)
meeting with the portfolio management team to review investment strategies, techniques and the processes used to manage related risks; and
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meeting with, or reviewing reports prepared by, the representatives of key service providers, including the Manager, transfer agent and independent registered public accounting firm, to review and discuss our activities and to provide direction with respect thereto.
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Board Composition and Leadership Structure
The Board has structured itself in a manner that it believes allows it to perform its oversight function effectively. A majority of our directors are independent directors.
Mr. Uppal, who is not an independent director, serves as both our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer and as Chairman of the Board. The Board believes that Mr. Uppal, as our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer, is the director with the most knowledge of our business strategy and is best situated to serve as Chairman of the Board.
The Board, after considering various factors, has concluded that combining the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman positions is the appropriate leadership structure for our company at this time. The Board is of the view that “one-size” does not fit all, the evidence does not demonstrate that any one leadership structure is more effective at creating long-term stockholder value and the decision of whether to combine or separate the positions of Chief Executive Officer and Chairman will vary company to company and depend upon a company’s particular circumstances at a given point in time. Accordingly, the Board carefully considers from time to time whether the Chief Executive Officer and Chairman positions should be combined based on what the Board believes is best for our company and our stockholders. The Board does not have a lead independent director.
Board Meetings and Attendance
The Board met eleven times during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. We do not have a formal policy regarding director attendance at annual meetings of our stockholders, but invite and encourage all directors to attend. We make every effort to schedule our annual meeting of stockholders at a time and date to permit attendance by directors, taking into account the directors’ schedules and the timing requirements of applicable law. Each director attended at least 75% of the meetings of the Board in 2023.
Committees of the Board
The entire Board is responsible for supervising our business. However, pursuant to our bylaws, the Board may appoint from among its members, and

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delegate certain of its powers to, such committees as deemed appropriate by the Board. Members of each such committee are appointed by the Board.
The Board has established one standing committee of the Board, the Audit Committee. The Board has not established a standing compensation committee because our executive officers do not receive any direct compensation from us. The Board, as a whole, participates in the consideration of director compensation and decisions on director compensation are based on, among other things, a review of data of comparable companies. The Board has not established a standing nominating committee because the entire Board participates in the consideration of director nominees.
Audit Committee
We have established an Audit Committee that operates pursuant to a written charter. The Audit Committee is responsible for selecting, engaging and supervising our independent accountants, reviewing the plans, scope and results of the audit engagement with our independent accountants, approving professional services provided by our independent accountants (including compensation therefor), reviewing the independence of our independent accountants and reviewing the adequacy of our internal controls over financial reporting. The Audit Committee is currently comprised of three members, including a chairperson of the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee Members are Messrs. Beless, Evans and Goldenberg, each of whom is an independent director. Mr. Evans serves as the chairman of the Audit Committee. The Board has determined that Mr. Evans is an “audit committee financial expert” as defined under Item 407(d)(5)(ii) of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). The Board has determined that each of Messrs. Beless, Evans and Goldenberg are “financially literate” under the rules of the NYSE.
The Audit Committee met four times during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. The Audit Committee’s charter is available on our website at www.terrapropertytrust.com.
Communications between Stockholders and the Board
The Board welcomes communications from our stockholders. Stockholders may send communications to the Board or to any particular director to the following address: Terra Property Trust, Inc., 205 West 28th Street, 12th Floor, New York, New York 10001. Stockholders should indicate clearly the director or directors to whom the communication is being sent so that each communication may be forwarded directly to the appropriate director(s).

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Executive Officers
The following table and biographical information set forth certain information regarding our executive officers. Mr. Uppal’s biographical information is provided in the section “Information about Director Nominees.” Each executive officer holds office until his or her successor is chosen and qualifies, or until earlier resignation or removal.
Name​​Age​​Position​
Vikram S. Uppal​​40​​Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer​
Sarah Schwarzschild​​43​​Chief Operating Officer​
Gregory M. Pinkus​​59​​Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary​
Daniel J. Cooperman​​49​​Chief Originations Officer​
Sarah Schwarzschild has served as the Chief Operating Officer of our company since February 2024 and of Mavik Capital Management, LP (“Mavik”), an entity controlled by our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer, since July 2023. Prior to joining our company, Ms. Schwarzschild served as Managing Director and Co-Head of BGO Strategic Capital Partners, a $3 billion global integrated multi-manager platform. Ms. Schwarzschild also managed BGO Strategic Capital Partners’ secondaries funds and separately managed accounts with oversight for the business’ and co-managed the business’ platform. Prior to merging with BentallGreenOak in April 2021, Ms. Schwarzschild held the same responsibilities at Metropolitan Real Estate Equity Management (“Metropolitan”), a firm wholly owned by The Carlyle Group. Prior to joining Metropolitan in 2014, Ms. Schwarzschild led Partners Group’s real estate Secondary team in the U.S., where she was responsible for acquisitions as well as the portfolio management of Partners Group’s dedicated real estate Secondary capital totaling over $2 billion. Prior to joining Partners Group, Ms. Schwarzschild was an Assistant Vice President in the acquisitions team in the Global Opportunity Funds group at RREEF. She began her career at Rothschild as an investment banking analyst in the Mergers & Acquisitions and Private Placement groups. Ms. Schwarzschild received a B.A. (summa cum laude) from the University of Pennsylvania and an M.B.A. with honors from the Tuck School of Business at Dartmouth. Ms. Schwarzschild sits on the MBA Council for the Tuck School of Business and is Secretary of the board of The Mianus River Gorge Preserve and sits on the Advisory Board for INCEPTIV.
Gregory M. Pinkus has served as the Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary of our company and the Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer of our Manager, Terra Fund Advisors, and Terra Income
 
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Advisors since January 2016, October 2017, October 2017, and May 2013, respectively. He has served as (i) the Chief Financial Officer of Terra Capital Advisors, LLC (“Terra Capital Advisors”), Terra Capital Advisors 2, LLC (“Terra Capital Advisors 2”) and Terra Income Advisors 2, LLC (“Terra Income Advisors 2”)since May 2012, September 2012 and October 2016; (ii) the Chief Operating Officer of Terra Capital Advisors, Terra Capital Advisors 2 and Terra Capital Partners since July 2014; (iii) the Chief Operating Officer of Terra Income Advisors 2 since October 2016; (iv) the Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary of Terra BDC from May 2013 to October 2022 and Chief Operating Officer of Terra BDC from July 2014 to October 2022; (v) the Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer of Terra Secured Income Fund 5 International (“Fund 5 International”), Terra Income Fund International (“Terra International”) and Terra Secured Income Fund 7, LLC (“Terra Fund 7”) since June 2014, October 2016 and October 2016, respectively; (vi) a director of RESOF since October 2020 and a director of Fund 5 International and Terra International since January 2023; and (vii) the Chief Operating Officer of our company from January 2016 to February 2024. Prior to joining Terra Capital Partners in May 2012, he served as Assistant Controller for W.P. Carey & Co. from 2006 to August 2010 and as Controller from August 2010 to May 2012. Mr. Pinkus also served as Controller and Vice President of Finance for several early-stage technology companies during the period of 1999 to 2005. Additionally, he managed large-scale information technology budgets at New York Life Insurance Company from 2003 to 2004 and oversaw an international reporting group at Bank of America from 1992 to 1996. Mr. Pinkus is a Certified Public Accountant and member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Mr. Pinkus holds a B.S. in Accounting from the Leonard N. Stern School of Business at New York University.
Daniel J. Cooperman has served as Chief Originations Officer of our company, our Manager, Terra Fund Advisors and Terra Income Advisors since January 2016, September 2017, September 2017 and February 2015, respectively. Mr. Cooperman has served as Chief Originations Officer of (i) each of Terra Capital Advisors and Terra Capital Advisors 2 since January 2015, having previously served as Managing Director of Originations until January 2015 of Terra Capital Advisors and Terra Capital Advisors 2 since April 2009 and September 2012, respectively; (ii) Fund 5 International since January 2015, having previously served as Managing Director of Originations from June 2014 to June 2014; (iii) Terra BDC from February 2015 to October 2022, having previously served as Managing Director of Originations from May 2013 until February 2015; and (iv) each of Terra Income Advisors 2, Terra International, and Terra Fund 7 since October 2016. Mr. Cooperman has 18 years’ experience in the acquisition, financing, leasing and asset management of commercial real estate with an aggregate value of over $5 billion. Prior to the formation of Terra Capital Partners in 2001 and its

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commencement of operations in 2002, Mr. Cooperman handled mortgage and mezzanine placement activities for The Greenwich Group International, LLC. Prior to joining The Greenwich Group, Mr. Cooperman worked in Chase Manhattan Bank’s Global Properties Group, where he was responsible for financial analysis and due diligence for the bank’s strategic real estate acquisitions and divestitures. Prior to that time, he was responsible for acquisitions and asset management for JGS, a Japanese conglomerate with global real estate holdings. Mr. Cooperman holds a B.S. in Finance from the University of Colorado at Boulder.
Our executive officers act as our agents, execute contracts and other instruments in our name and on our behalf, and in general perform all duties incident to their offices and such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board from time to time. Our officers devote such portion of their time to our affairs as is required for the performance of their duties, but they are not required to devote all of their time to us.
Code of Ethics
Our Manager has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (the “Code of Ethics”) pursuant to Rule 17j-1 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended (the “Advisers Act”), which applies to, among others, the senior officers of our Manager, as well as every officer, director, employee and “access person” ​(as defined within the Code of Ethics), including our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, and persons performing similar functions. We will also provide the Code of Ethics, free of charge, to stockholders who request it. Requests should be directed to Bernadette Murphy, at Terra Property Trust, Inc., 205 West 28th Street, 12th Floor New York, New York 10001.

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COMPENSATION OF DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Executive Officer Compensation
We are externally managed and currently have no employees. Pursuant to the management agreement with our Manager (as amended, the “Management Agreement”), our Manager provides certain services to our company, and we pay fees associated with such services. The officers of our Manager do not receive any compensation from us. Each of our officers is an employee of our Manager. Because our Management Agreement provides that our Manager is responsible for managing our affairs, our officers do not receive cash compensation from us for serving as our officers.
Our Manager is responsible for managing our day-to-day operations and all matters affecting our business and affairs, including responsibility for determining when to buy and sell real estate-related assets. Our Manager is not obligated under the Management Agreement to dedicate any of its personnel exclusively to us, nor is it or its personnel obligated to dedicate any specific portion of its or their time to the business. Under the terms of the Management Agreement, we reimburse our Manager for operating expenses incurred in connection with services provided to us, including our allowable share of our Manager’s overhead, such as rent, employee costs, utilities and technology costs. Our officers, in their capacities as officers or personnel of our Manager or its affiliates, will devote such portion of their time to our affairs as is necessary to enable us to operate our business.
For additional information see below under the heading “Transactions with Related Persons and Certain Control Persons — Compensation of our Manager.”
Non-Employee Director Compensation
In 2023, our independent directors earned $60,000 annual base director’s fee. In addition, in 2023, the chairperson of the Audit Committee earned an annual cash retainer of $15,000 and the other members of the Audit Committee earned an annual cash retainer of $10,000. We also reimburse all members of the Board for their travel related expenses incurred in connection with their attendance at board and committee meetings. We pay directors’ fees only to those directors who are independent under the NYSE listing standards.

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The following table sets forth the compensation paid to our directors during the year ended December 31, 2023.
Name​​
Fees Earned or
Paid in Cash
($)
​​Total ($)​
Vikram S. Uppal​​​​—​​​​​—​​
Roger H. Beless​​​​70,000​​​​​70,000​​
Michael L. Evans​​​​75,000​​​​​75,000​​
Adrienne M. Everett​​​​60,000​​​​​60,000​​
Spencer E. Goldenberg​​​​70,000​​​​​70,000​​
Gaurav Misra​​​​60,000​​​​​60,000​​
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
We currently do not have a compensation committee of the Board because we do not, and do not plan to, pay any compensation to our officers. There are no interlocks or insider participation as to compensation decisions required to be disclosed pursuant to SEC regulations.
EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION
As of December 31, 2023, we did not maintain any equity compensation plans pursuant to which shares of our common stock or other equity securities may be granted.

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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The following table sets forth, as of October 27, 2023,April 19, 2024, information regarding the number and percentage of shares of our Class B Common Stock owned by each of our directors, our executive officers, all of our directors and executive officers as a group, and any person known to us to be the beneficial owner of more than 5% of our outstanding shares. As of October 27, 2023,April 19, 2024, there were a total of 24,335,71124,336,423.83 shares of our Class B Common Stock issued and outstanding. Unless otherwise indicated, all shares are owned directly, and the indicated person has sole voting and investment power. The address for each of the persons named below is in care of our principal executive offices at Terra Property Trust, Inc., 205 West 28th Street, 12th Floor, New York, New York 10001.
Names and Business Address​
Number of Shares of
Class B Common
Stock Beneficially
Owned**
​
% of All Shares
of Class B
Common
Stock**
​
Names of Beneficial Owner​
Number of Shares of
Class B Common
Stock Beneficially
Owned**
​
% of All Shares
of Class B
Common
Stock**
​
Vikram S. Uppal(1)
​​​76,623.46​​​​*​​​​​76,623.46​​​​*​​
Roger H. Beless​​​—​​​​—​​​​​—​​​​—​​
Michael L. Evans​​​—​​​​—​​​​​—​​​​—​​
Adrienne M. Everett​​​—​​​​—​​​​​—​​​​—​​
Spencer E. Goldenberg​​​—​​​​—​​​​​—​​​​—​​
Gaurav Misra​​​—​​​​—​​​​​—​​​​—​​
Sarah Schwarzschild​​​—​​​​—​​
Gregory M. Pinkus​​​—​​​​—​​​​​—​​​​—​​
Daniel J. Cooperman​​​—​​​​—​​​​​—​​​​—​​
All directors and executive officers as a group (8 persons)​​​76,623.46​​​​*​​
All directors and executive officers as a group (9 persons)​​​76,623.46​​​​*​​
5% or Greater Beneficial Owner​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​
Terra JV, LLC(2)
​​​17,029,775.95​​​​70.00%​​
Terra Offshore Funds REIT, LLC(2)
​​​2,457,684.59​​​​10.10%​​
Terra Secured Income Fund 7, LLC(2)
​​​2,116,785.76​​​​8.70%​​
Terra Offshore Funds REIT, LLC(3)
​​​2,457,684.59​​​​10.10%​​
​
*
Denotes less than 1%.
​
**
For purposes of this table, “beneficial ownership” is determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act pursuant to which a person or group of persons is deemed to have “beneficial ownership” of any shares with respect to which person has sole or shared voting power or investment power.
​

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(1)
49,544.46 of the shares indicated in the table above as being held by Mr. Uppal are held indirectly by Terra Secured Income Fund 5, LLC (“Terra Fund 5”) through a controlled subsidiary.subsidiary, Lakshmi 15 LLC, a family limited liability company over which Mr. Uppal exercises voting and investment control, holds 22 units of limited liability company interest of Terra Fund 5. Mr. Uppal is the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer of Terra Fund Advisors, LLC, the manager of Terra Fund 5.control. 27,079 of the shares indicated in the table above as being held by Mr. Uppal are held by Terra Capital Partners. Mr. Uppal controls Mavik, Capital Management, LP, the sole member of Terra Capital Partners. Mr. Uppal disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein, and this disclosure shall not be deemed an admission that he is the beneficial owner of such shares for purposes of Section 16 of the Exchange Act or for any other purpose.purpose.
​
(2)
Terra Fund 5 owns an 87.6% interest in Terra JV, LLC (“Terra JV”).7 is managed by a wholly-owned subsidiary of Terra Fund 5Advisors, which in turn is managed by Terra Fund Advisors. Subject to certain restrictions, Terra Fund Advisors LLC. The inclusionis managed by its board of thesemanagers. Mr. Uppal is the sole member of the board of managers of Terra Fund Advisors. Mr. Uppal disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein, and this disclosure shall not be deemed an admission that he is the beneficial owner of beneficial ownership of the reported securitiessuch shares for purposes of Section 16 of the Exchange Act or for any other purposes.purpose.
​
(3)
Our Manager serves as adviser to Terra Offshore Funds REIT, LLC. Our Manager is managed by, and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of, Terra Capital Partners. Mr. Uppal controls Mavik, the sole member of Terra Capital Partners. Mr. Uppal disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares reported herein except to the extent of his pecuniary interest therein, and this disclosure shall not be deemed an admission that he is the beneficial owner of such shares for purposes of Section 16 of the Exchange Act or for any other purpose.
​
 
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TRANSACTIONS WITH RELATED PERSONS AND CERTAIN CONTROL PERSONS
Related Party Transaction Policy
The Board recognizes that transactions with related parties present a heightened risk of conflicts of interests and/or improper valuation (or the perception thereof). The Board has adopted written policies and procedures on transactions with related parties (the “Related Party Transaction Policy”) that is in conformity with the requirements for NYSE-listed companies. The Related Party Transaction Policy covers transactions or series of similar transactions, arrangements or relationships (including any indebtedness or guarantee of indebtedness) with any (a) person who is an executive officer, director or director nominee, (b) person who is the beneficial owner of more than 5% of any class of our voting securities, or (c) immediate family members of any of the foregoing, where (1) the aggregate amount involved will or may be expected to exceed $120,000 in any calendar year, (2) we are a participant, and (3) any related party has or will have a direct or indirect material interest.
Pursuant to the policy, the Board or a committee appointed by the Board consisting solely of disinterested directors will consider all relevant factors, including, as applicable, (i) our business rationale for entering into the transaction, (ii) the available alternatives to the transaction, (iii) whether the transaction is on terms comparable to those available to or from third parties, (iv) the potential for the transaction to lead to an actual or apparent conflict of interest and (v) the overall fairness of the transaction to us.
The Management Agreement
We are externally managed by our Manager pursuant to the Management Agreement. Our Manager is registered as an investment adviser under the Advisers Act and a subsidiary of Terra Capital Partners, our sponsor. Except where the context requires otherwise, all references herein to the “Management Agreement” are to the Management Agreement as modified by the Amendment (as defined below).
Pursuant to the Management Agreement, the Board has delegated to our Manager the authority to source, evaluate and monitor our investment opportunities and make decisions related to the acquisition, management, financing and disposition of our assets, subject to oversight by the Board. In fulfilling its duties pursuant to the Management Agreement, our Manager devotes such of its time and business efforts to our business as it shall in its discretion, exercised in good faith, determine to be necessary to conduct our business. The Management Agreement was negotiated between related parties, and the terms, including fees and other amounts payable may not be as favorable to our company as if they had been negotiated with an unaffiliated third party.

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Services
Pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement, our Manager shall, among other things:
•
originate, fund, acquire, structure, hold, develop, operate, sell, exchange, subdivide and otherwise dispose of our assets;
​
•
borrow money, and, if security is required therefor, pledge or mortgage or subject our assets to any security device, to obtain replacements of any mortgage or other security device and to prepay, in whole or in part, refinance, increase, modify, consolidate, or extend any mortgage or other security device;
​
•
enter into such contracts and agreements as our Manager determines to be reasonably necessary or appropriate in connection with our business and purpose (including contracts with affiliates of our Manager) and any contract of insurance that our Manager deems necessary or appropriate for our protection, including errors and omissions insurance, for the conservation of our assets, or for any purpose convenient or beneficial to us;
​
•
open accounts and deposits and maintain funds in our name in banks, savings and loan associations, “money market” mutual funds and other instruments as our Manager may deem in its discretion to be necessary or desirable;
​
•
provide administrative and executive support, advice, consultation, analysis and supervision with respect to our functions, including decisions regarding the sale or refinancing or other disposition of assets, and compliance with federal, state and local regulatory requirements and procedures;
​
•
keep and preserve books and records relevant to the provision of its management services to us;
​
•
upon written request of the Board, provide reports on our business and operations; and
​
•
perform such other services as may l be delegated to our Manager by the Board.
​
The above summary is provided to illustrate the material functions which our Manager will perform for us and it is not intended to include all of the services which may be provided to us by our Manager or third parties.

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Term and Termination Rights
On March 11, 2024, we and our Manager entered into an amendment to the Management Agreement, effective as of January 1, 2024 (the “Amendment”), in order to extend the term of the Management Agreement and modify the terms upon which the Management Agreement may be terminated. Except as discussed below, the terms of the Management Agreement remain unchanged by the Amendment.
The term of the Management Agreement will expire on December 31, 2027 (the “Initial Term”) and will automatically renew for an unlimited number of additional one-year terms upon each anniversary date of the last day of the Initial Term (each, a “Renewal Term”), unless terminated by us or the Manager during the Initial Term or a Renewal Term in accordance with the terms of the Management Agreement as described below.
The Management Agreement may be terminated by us during the Initial Term or any Renewal Term upon a finding by either (i) at least two-thirds of the independent directors on the Board or (ii) the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of our common stock (other than those shares held by members of the our senior management team or affiliates of our Manager) that either (a) there has been unsatisfactory performance by our Manager that is materially detrimental to us, or (b) the compensation payable to our Manager pursuant to the Management Agreement is unfair; provided, however, that we will not have the right to terminate the Management Agreement on the basis of unfair compensation to our Manager if our Manager agrees to continue to provide its services under the Management Agreement in exchange for reduced fees that at least two-thirds of the independent directors on the Board determine to be fair pursuant to the procedures set forth in the Management Agreement. We must deliver prior written notice of any such termination to our Manager at least 180 days prior to the last calendar day of the Initial Term or the then-current Renewal Term, as applicable, and the Management Agreement will terminate effective as of the last calendar day of the Initial Term or the then-current Renewal Term, as applicable.
Upon any termination of the Management Agreement by us as discussed above, we will pay our Manager, on the date on which such termination is effective, a termination fee in an amount equal to three times the average annual fees of all types and expense reimbursements received by or owed to our Manager pursuant to the Management Agreement during the 24-month period immediately preceding such termination (the “Termination Fee”), calculated as of the end of the most recently completed monthly prior to the date of such termination.
We may also terminate the Management Agreement, effective upon 30 calendar days’ prior written notice from the Board to our Manager, without

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payment of any Termination Fees or other penalties, upon (i) the material breach of the Management Agreement by our Manager or its affiliates that continues for 30 days after written notice thereof to our Manager (or 45 days after delivery of written notice thereof if our Manager takes diligent steps to cure such breach within 30 days of delivery of the written notice), (ii) any fraud or other criminal conduct, gross negligence or breach of fiduciary duty by our Manager or its affiliates in connection with the Management Agreement, as determined by a final, non-appealable judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction, (iii) our Manager’s bankruptcy, insolvency or dissolution, or (iv) an Internalization Event (as defined in the Management Agreement). No Termination Fee or other penalty is payable upon such a termination by us.
Our Manager may terminate the Management Agreement, effective upon 60 days’ prior written from our Manager to us, if we breach the Management Agreement and such breach continues for 30 days after written notice thereof. We will pay our Manager the Termination Fee upon such termination by our Manager.
Compensation of our Manager
Asset Management Fee.   Pursuant to the Management Agreement, we pay our Manager a monthly asset management fee at an annual rate equal to 1.0% of our aggregate funds under management, which includes the loan origination amount or aggregate gross acquisition cost, as applicable, for each real estate-related loan and cash held by us.
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, we paid our Manager asset management fees of $7,807,198.
Asset Servicing Fee.   Pursuant to the Management Agreement, we pay our Manager a monthly asset servicing fee at an annual rate equal to 0.25% of the aggregate gross origination or acquisition price for each real estate related loan then held by us (inclusive of closing costs and expenses).
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, we paid our Manager asset servicing fees of $1,857,765.
Disposition Fee.   Pursuant to the Management Agreement, we pay our Manager a disposition fee in the amount of 1.0% of the gross sale price received by our company from the disposition of each loan, but not upon the maturity, prepayment, workout, modification or extension of a loan unless there is a corresponding fee paid by the borrower, in which case the disposition fee will be the lesser of (i) 1.0% of the principal amount of the loan and (ii) the amount of the fee paid by the borrower in connection with such transaction. If we take ownership of a property as a result of a workout or foreclosure of a

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loan, we will pay a disposition fee upon the sale of such property equal to 1.0% of the sales price.
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, we paid our Manager disposition fees of $1,451,063.
Transaction Breakup Fee.   Pursuant to the Management Agreement, we pay our Manager a transaction breakup fee in the amount equal to 50.0% of any “breakup fees,” “busted-deal fees,” “termination fees,” or similar fees or liquidated damages we receive from a third-party in connection with the termination or non-consummation of any loan or disposition transaction, in addition to the reimbursement of all out-of-pocket fees and expenses incurred by our Manager with respect to its evaluation and pursuit of such transactions.
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, we did not pay our Manager transaction breakup fees.
Origination and Extension Fee.   Pursuant to the Management Agreement, we pay our Manager an origination fee in the amount of 1.0% of the amount funded by us to originate, acquire, fund or structure real estate-related investments, including any third-party expenses related to such loan. In the event that the term of any real estate-related loan is extended, our Manager also receives an origination fee equal to the lesser of (i) 1.0% of the principal amount of the loan being extended or (ii) the amount of fee paid by the borrower in connection with such extension.
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, we paid our Manager origination and extension fees of $2,312,656.
Our Manager may temporarily or permanently waive or defer all or a portion of the fees discussed above. Any portion of a deferred fee payable to our Manager and not paid to our Manager with respect to any period shall be deferred without interest and may be paid in any subsequent period prior to the termination of the Management Agreement, as our Manager may determine upon written notice to us. Any fees payable to our Manager for any partial month or calendar quarter will be appropriately prorated.
Expense Reimbursements
We will pay, or reimburse our Manager for, all costs and expenses relating to our activities and investments, including (i) all costs and expenses attributable to originating, holding, managing and disposing of assets, (ii) legal, accounting, auditing, consulting and other fees and expenses, (iii) all reasonable out-of-pocket fees and expenses incurred by us, our Manager, or our Manager’s agents, officers and employees relating to investment and disposition opportunities not consummated, (iv) any taxes, fees and other

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governmental charges levied against us and (v) any fees and expenses paid to third parties in connection with raising capital.
Our Manager may use its own employees or employees of any affiliate of our Manager to provide accounting, tax, data processing, engineering, market research or other professional services to us that would otherwise be performed by third parties and, in such event, we will reimburse our Manager for the cost of performing such services. Such reimbursements may include employment costs and related overhead expenses allocable thereto (including rent, utilities, and technology costs), as reasonably determined by our Manager based on the time expended by the employees who render such services, provided that no such reimbursement shall exceed the amount that would be payable by us if the services were provided in an arms-length transaction with an independent third party.
During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, we reimbursed our Manager for $9,234,357 in operating expenses.
Indemnification of our Manager
Pursuant to the Management Agreement with our Manager, we will indemnify and hold harmless our Manager and its affiliates from any loss incurred by such parties in connection with our business, including costs and reasonable attorneys’ fees and any amounts expended in the settlement of any claims of loss or damage resulting from any act or omission performed or omitted in good faith; provided that we will not provide such indemnification in connection with acts by our Manager of its affiliate which constitute gross negligence or willful misconduct. Further, we will not indemnify our Manager or its affiliates for liability incurred in connection with any claim arising out of a violation of the Securities Act or any other federal or state securities law, with respect to the offer and sale of our securities.
Co-Invest Loan Extension
On December 1, 2022, we entered into a revolving promissory note (as amended by Amendment No. 1 thereto, dated as of December 1, 2023, the “Promissory Note”) with Mavik Special Opps Co-Investments, LP, a Delaware limited partnership and affiliate of ours (“Mavik Co-Invest Vehicle”), to extend to Mavik Co-Invest Vehicle working capital for short-term funding needs. On January 1, 2024, we entered into a second amendment to the Promissory Note to (i) change its maturity date to April 30, 2025 (rather than June 30, 2024) and (ii) amend the rate at which interest on the Promissory Note accrues to 15% per annum (rather than a rate per annum equal to the prime rate as in effect on each day any such principal amount is outstanding, as such prime rate is published in The Wall Street Journal). All other terms of the Promissory Note remain unchanged.

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As of December 31, 2023, the Promissory Note had an outstanding principal balance of $3,844,797, the largest principal balance outstanding during 2023. During 2023, we earned $115,062 of interest income on the Promissory Note; no principal amount of the Promissory Note was paid during 2023. As of today, the Promissory Note has an outstanding principal balance of $8,741,117.
Transfer of Preferred Equity Investment
On January 19, 2024, we entered into a participation agreement with a separately managed account (the “SMA”), a third-party investor managed by our Manager, to transfer to the SMA $15.0 million of a certain $18.5 million preferred equity investment held by Terra Income Fund 6, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“Terra LLC”), our wholly owned subsidiary. Our Manager is managed by, and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of, Terra Capital Partners. Mr. Uppal, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Investment Officer, controls Mavik, the sole member of Terra Capital Partners. For additional information on our participation agreements, please see the “Participation Agreements” section below.
Cost Sharing and Reimbursement Agreement
We have entered into a cost sharing and reimbursement agreement with Terra LLC effective October 1, 2022, pursuant to which Terra LLC will be responsible for its allocable share of our expenses, including fees paid by us to our Manager based on relative assets under management. These fees are eliminated in consolidation and therefore have no impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Participation Agreements
We have further diversified our exposure to loans and borrowers, and investments and investees, by entering into participation agreements whereby we transferred a portion of certain of our loans and investments on a pari passu basis to related parties, primarily other affiliated funds managed by our Manager or its affiliates, and to a lesser extent, unrelated parties. In connection with the Merger, the obligations under participation agreements with Terra BDC totaling $37.0 million were effectively extinguished. As of December 31, 2023, there was no participation obligation.
The loans and investments that are subject to participation agreements are held in our name, but each of the participant’s rights and obligations, including with respect to interest income and other income (e.g., exit fee, prepayment income) and related fees/expenses (e.g., disposition fees, asset management and asset servicing fees), are based upon their respective pro rata participation interest in such participated investments, as specified in the

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​

respective participation agreements. We do not have direct liability to a participant with respect to the underlying loan and the participants’ share of the investments is repayable only from the proceeds received from the related borrower/issuer of the investments and, therefore, the participants also are subject to credit risk (i.e., risk of default by the underlying borrower/issuer).
Pursuant to the participation agreement with these entities, we receive and allocate the interest income and other related investment income to the participants based on their respective pro rata participation interest. The affiliated fund participant pays related expenses also based on their respective pro rata participation interest (i.e., asset management and asset servicing fees, disposition fees) directly to our Manager.
For the year ended December 31, 2023, the weighted average outstanding principal balance on obligations under participation agreements and secured borrowing was approximately $10.0 million, and the weighted average interest rate was approximately 17.4%.
Indemnification Agreements with Directors and Officers
We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors and officers (the “Indemnification Agreements”). The Indemnification Agreements provide that we will, subject to certain limitations and exceptions, indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted under Maryland law, and advance expenses to, each such indemnitee, in connection with, among other things, the indemnitee’s capacity as a director, officer, employee or agent of ours. This obligation includes, subject to certain terms and conditions, indemnification for any expenses, including judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by the indemnitee in connection with any threatened, pending or completed action, suit, arbitration, alternate dispute resolution mechanism, investigation, inquiry, administrative hearing, claim, demand or discovery request or any other actual, threatened or completed proceeding. In certain instances, we may be required to advance such expenses, in which case the indemnitee will be obligated to reimburse us for the amounts advanced if it is later determined that the indemnitee is not entitled to indemnification for such expenses.

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PROPOSAL 2: RATIFICATION OF APPOINTMENT OF INDEPENDENT
REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Audit Committee has appointed KPMG LLP to serve as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2024 and has directed that the appointment of such independent registered public accounting firm be submitted for ratification by our stockholders at the Annual Meeting. KPMG LLP has served as our auditor since 2016.
We have been advised by KPMG LLP that neither that firm nor any of its associates has any relationship with us or our subsidiaries other than the usual relationship that exists between an independent registered public accounting firm and its clients.
We expect that representatives of KPMG LLP will be present at the virtual Annual Meeting where they will have the opportunity to make a statement if they desire to do so and will be available to respond to appropriate questions.
Stockholder ratification of the appointment of KPMG LLP as our independent registered public accounting firm is not required by our charter or otherwise. Even if the appointment is ratified, our Audit Committee, in its discretion, may direct the appointment of a different independent registered public accounting firm at any time during the year if it determines that such a change would be in our best interests.
Audit and Non-Audit Fees
Set forth in the table below are the fees billed to us by KPMG LLP for professional services performed for our fiscal years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 ($ in thousands):
​​​
For The Year Ended
December 31, 2023
​​
For The Year Ended
December 31, 2022
​
Audit fees(a)
​​​$771,000​​​​$621,000​​
Audit-related fees(b)
​​​​—​​​​​—​​
Tax fees(c)
​​​$76,200​​​​$59,990​​
All other fees(d)
​​​​—​​​​​—​​
Total​​​$847,200​​​​$680,990​​
​
(a)
Audit Fees.   Audit fees include fees for services that normally would be provided by KPMG in connection with statutory and regulatory filings
​

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or engagements and that generally only an independent accountant can provide. In addition to fees for the audit of our annual financial statements and the review of our quarterly financial statements in accordance with standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board, this category contains fees for comfort letters, statutory audits, consents, and assistance with and review of documents filed with the SEC.
(b)
Audit-Related Fees.   Audit-related services consist of fees billed for assurance and related services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our financial statements and are not reported under “Audit Fees.” These services include attest services that are not required by statute or regulation and consultations concerning financial accounting and reporting standards.
​
(c)
Tax Services Fees.   Tax services fees consist of fees billed for professional tax services. These services also include assistance regarding federal, state, and local tax compliance.
​
(d)
All Other Fees.   Other fees would include fees for products and services other than the services reported above.
​
The Audit Committee was advised that there were no services provided by KPMG LLP that were unrelated to the audit of the annual fiscal year-end financial statements and the review of interim financial statements that could impair KPMG LLP from maintaining its independence as our independent auditor and concluded that it was.
Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures
The Audit Committee’s charter provides that the Audit Committee will review and pre-approve the engagement fees and the terms of all auditing and non-auditing services to be provided by our external auditors and evaluate the effect thereof on the independence of the external auditors. All audit and tax services provided to us were reviewed and pre-approved by the Audit Committee, which concluded that the provision of such services by KPMG was compatible with the maintenance of that firm’s independence in the conduct of its auditing functions.
VOTING RECOMMENDATION
THE BOARD UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS THAT YOU VOTE “FOR” THE RATIFICATION OF KPMG LLP AS OUR INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM FOR THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 2024

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AUDIT COMMITTEE REPORT
Our Audit Committee carries out oversight functions with respect to the preparation, review and audit of our financial statements, our system of internal controls and the qualifications, independence and performance of our internal auditor consultants and independent auditors, and operates under a written charter adopted by the Board. The Audit Committee has the sole authority and responsibility to select, evaluate and, as appropriate, replace our independent auditors.
Our management is responsible for the development, maintenance and evaluation of internal controls and procedures and our financial reporting system, the maintenance of appropriate accounting and financial reporting principles or policies and the preparation, presentation and integrity of our financial statements. Our independent registered public accounting firm is responsible for auditing our consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted auditing standards and expressing an opinion as to their conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The Audit Committee’s responsibility is to monitor and oversee the foregoing functions.
The Audit Committee reviews our financial reporting process on behalf of the Board. In performance of its oversight function, the Audit Committee has met and held discussions with management and our independent registered public accounting firm with respect to our audited consolidated financial statements for fiscal year 2023 and related matters. Management advised the Audit Committee that our consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and the Audit Committee has reviewed and discussed the consolidated financial statements with management and our independent auditors, KPMG LLP. Our independent auditors presented to and reviewed with the Audit Committee the matters required to be discussed by the applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board and the SEC. Our independent auditors also provided to the Audit Committee the written disclosures and the letter from the auditors required by applicable requirements of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board regarding the independent accountant’s communications with the Audit Committee concerning independence, and in connection therewith, the Audit Committee discussed with the independent auditors their views as to the auditor’s independence. The Audit Committee also reviewed, among other things, the audit and non-audit services performed by, and the amount of fees paid for such services to, KPMG LLP. The Audit Committee meetings regularly include executive sessions with our independent registered public accounting firm without the presence of our management.
In undertaking its oversight function, the Audit Committee relied, without independent verification, on management’s representation that the

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financial statements have been prepared with integrity and objectivity and in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and on the representations of the independent auditors included in their report on our financial statements. The Audit Committee is not, however, professionally engaged in the practice of accounting or auditing and does not provide any expert or other special assurance or professional opinion as to the sufficiency of the external audits, whether our financial statements are complete and accurate and are in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, or on the effectiveness of the system of internal control.
Based on the Audit Committee’s considerations, discussions with management and discussion with the independent auditors as described above, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board that our audited consolidated financial statements be included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 filed with the SEC.
Submitted by the Audit Committee of the Board:
Roger H. Beless
Michael L. Evans
Spencer E. Goldenberg

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SUBMISSION OF STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALS FOR THE 20242025 ANNUAL MEETING
If you wish to submit a stockholder proposal pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act for inclusion in our Proxy Statement and proxy card for our 20242025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, your proposal must be received by our Secretary on or before December 28, 2023.27, 2024. Your proposal should be mailed by certified mail return receipt requested to our Secretary at Terra Property Trust, Inc., 205 West 28th Street, 12th Floor, New York, New York 10001. Failure to deliver a proposal in accordance with this procedure may result in it not being deemed timely received. In addition, if you desire to bring business (including director nominations) before our 20242025 Annual Meeting, you must comply with our bylaws, which currently require that you provide written notice of such business to our Secretary no earlier than November 28, 202327, 2024 and no later than 5:00 p.m., Eastern Time, on December 28, 2023.27, 2024. However, if the 20242025 Annual Meeting is advanced or delayed more than 30 days from the first anniversary of the date of the 20232024 Annual Meeting, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so delivered not earlier than the 150th day prior to the date of such annual meeting and not later than 5:00 p.m., New York City time, on the later of the 120th day prior to the date of such annual meeting, as originally convened, or the tenth day following the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made. For additional requirements, stockholders should refer to our bylaws, Article II, Section 11, “Advance Notice of Stockholder Nominees for Director and Other Stockholder Proposals,” a current copy of which may be obtained from our Secretary.
In addition to satisfying the foregoing requirements under our bylaws, to comply with the universal proxy rules, stockholders who intend to solicit proxies in support of director nominees other than our nominees must provide notice that sets forth the information required by Rule 14a-19 under the Exchange Act no later than FebruaryMay 17, 2025.
DELIVERY OF MATERIALS
In accordance with rules adopted by the SEC, instead of mailing a printed copy of our proxy materials to our stockholders, we are, except as described below, furnishing proxy materials, including this Proxy Statement and our 2023 Annual Report to stockholders, by providing access to these documents on the Internet. Accordingly, on or about April 26, 2024.2024, the Notice will be sent to our beneficial owners of Class B Common Stock. The Notice provides instructions for accessing our proxy materials on the Internet and instructions for receiving printed copies of the proxy materials without charge by mail or electronically by email. Please follow the instructions included in the Notice.
The Notice provides you with instructions regarding the following: (1) viewing our proxy materials for the Annual Meeting on the Internet;
 
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(2) voting your shares after you have viewed our proxy materials; (3) requesting a printed copy of the proxy materials; and (4) instructing us to send our future proxy materials to you. We believe the delivery options allow us to provide our stockholders with the proxy materials they need, while lowering the cost of the delivery of the materials and reducing the environmental impact of printing and mailing. If you choose to receive future proxy materials by email, you will receive an email with instructions containing a link to view those proxy materials and a link to the proxy voting site. Your election to receive proxy materials by email will remain in effect until you terminate it.
Stockholder of Record.   If your shares are registered directly in your name with our transfer agent, you are considered the stockholder of record with respect to those shares, and you will be sent the proxy materials by mail.
Beneficial Owner.   If your shares are held in an account at an intermediary (bank or broker), then you are the beneficial owner of shares held in “street name,” and the Notice was forwarded to you by that organization. The organization holding your account is considered the stockholder of record for purposes of voting at the Annual Meeting. As a beneficial owner, you have the right to instruct that organization on how to vote the shares held in your account.

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HOUSEHOLDING OF PROXY MATERIALS
The SEC has adopted rules that permit companies and intermediaries such as brokers to satisfy the delivery requirements for proxy statements and annual reports with respect to two or more stockholders sharing the same address and same last name by delivering a single proxy statement and annual report addressed to those stockholders. This process, which is commonly referred to as “householding,” potentially means extra convenience for stockholders and reduced printing and delivery costs for companies. A single proxy statement and annual report may be delivered to multiple stockholders sharing an address unless contrary instructions have been received from the affected stockholders. Once you have received notice from your broker that it will be householding communications to your address, householding will continue until you are notified otherwise or you submit contrary instructions. Stockholders who participate in householding will continue to receive a separate notice or, if they request paper copies, a separate proxy card, and will remain entitled to vote their individual shares separately. If, at any time, you no longer wish to participate in householding, please notify your broker or financial advisor. Stockholders who share an address and would like to request householding of their communications should contact their broker. In addition, upon written or oral request, we will deliver a separate copy of the proxy statement and annual report to a stockholder at a shared address to which a single copy of such documents was previously delivered.
OTHER MATTERS TO COME BEFORE THE MEETING
Our management does not know of any other matters to come before the SpecialAnnual Meeting. If, however, any other matters do come before the SpecialAnnual Meeting, it is the intention of the persons designated as proxies to vote in accordance with their discretion on such matters.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION AND INCORPORATION BY REFERENCEMISCELLANEOUS
A COPY OF OUR ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K (AS FILED WITH THE SEC), WHICH CONTAINS ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ABOUT US, IS AVAILABLE FREE OF CHARGE TO ANY STOCKHOLDER. REQUESTS SHOULD BE DIRECTED TO OUR SECRETARY AT 205 WEST 28TH STREET, 12TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NEW YORK 10001.
This proxy statement incorporates by reference our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, as filed with the SEC on March 13, 2023 (other than any portions thereof not deemed to be filed).
 
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ANNEX A
[PROPOSED]
TERRA PROPERTY TRUST, INC.
SECOND ARTICLES OF AMENDMENT AND RESTATEMENT
FIRST:   Terra Property Trust, Inc., a Maryland corporation (the “Corporation”), desires to amend and restate its charter as currently in effect and as hereinafter amended.
SECOND:   The following provisions are all the provisions of the charter of the Corporation currently in effect and as hereinafter amended:
ARTICLE I
NAME
The name of the corporation (the “Corporation”) is: Terra Property Trust, Inc.
ARTICLE II
PURPOSE
The purposes for which the Corporation is formed are to engage in any lawful act or activity (including, without limitation or obligation, engaging in business as a real estate investment trust under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or any successor statute (the “Code”)) for which corporations may be organized under the general laws of the State of Maryland as now or hereafter in force. For purposes of the charter of the Corporation (the “Charter”), “REIT” means a real estate investment trust under Sections 856 through 860 of the Code.
ARTICLE III
PRINCIPAL OFFICE IN STATE
The address of the principal office of the Corporation in the State of Maryland is c/o CSC-Lawyers Incorporating Service Company, 7 St. Paul Street Suite 820, Baltimore, MD 21202.
ARTICLE IV
RESIDENT AGENT
The name and address of the resident agent of the Corporation in the State of Maryland is CSC-Lawyers Incorporating Service Company, 7 St. Paul Street Suite 820, Baltimore, MD 21202. The resident agent is a Maryland corporation.
ARTICLE V
PROVISIONS FOR DEFINING, LIMITING AND REGULATING CERTAIN POWERS OF THE CORPORATION AND OF THE STOCKHOLDERS AND DIRECTORS
Section 5.1   Number of Directors.   The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed under the direction of the Board of Directors. The number of directorsDirectors of the Corporation is eightsix, which number may be increased or decreased only by the Board of Directors pursuant to the Bylaws of the Corporation (the “Bylaws”), but shall never be less than the minimum number required by the Maryland General Corporation Law (the “MGCL”) (or, upon the Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, three). Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, a majority of the Directors shall be Independent Directors except for a period of up to 60 days after the death, removal or resignation of an Independent Director pending the election of such Independent Director’s successor. The names of the directorscurrent Directors who shall serve until the next annual meeting of stockholdersStockholders and until their successors are duly elected and qualify are:

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Andrew M. Axelrod
Bruce D. Batkin
Vikram S. Uppal
Jeffrey M. Altman
Roger H. Beless
Michael L. Evans
Adrienne M. Everett
Spencer E. Goldenberg
John S. Gregorits
Gaurav Misra
Any vacancy on the Board of Directors may be filled only in the manner provided in the Bylaws.
The Corporation elects, at such time as it becomes eligible under Section 3-802 of the MGCL to make the election provided for under Section 3-804(c) of the MGCL, that, except as may be provided by the Board of Directors in setting the terms of any class or series of stock, any vacancy on the Board of Directors may be filled only by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directorsDirectors remaining in office, even if the remaining directorsDirectors do not constitute a quorum, and any directorDirector elected to fill a vacancy shall serve for the remainder of the full term of the directorship in which such vacancy occurred and until a successor is elected and qualifies. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO and if any remaining Directors are Independent Directors, only Independent Directors shall nominate replacements for vacancies among the Independent Directors’ positions.
Section 5.2   Extraordinary Actions.   Except as specifically provided in Section 5.8 (relating to removal of directors)5.7 and in the last sentence of Article VIII, notwithstanding any provision of law permitting or requiring any action to be taken or approved by the affirmative vote of the stockholdersStockholders entitled to cast a greater number of votes, any such action shall be effective and valid if declared advisable by the Board of Directors and taken or approved by the affirmative vote of stockholdersStockholders entitled to cast a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter.
Section 5.3   Authorization by Board of Stock Issuance.   The Board of Directors may authorize the issuance from time to time of shares of stock of the CorporationShares of any class or series, whether now or hereafter authorized, or securities or rights convertible into shares of its stockShares of any class or series, whether now or hereafter authorized, for such consideration as the Board of Directors may deem advisable (or without consideration in the case of a stock split or stock dividend), subject to such restrictions or limitations, if any, as may be set forth in the Charter or the Bylaws. Following the Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the issuance of Preferred Stock shall also be approved by a majority of Independent Directors not otherwise interested in the transaction, who shall have access at the Corporation’s expense to the Corporation’s legal counsel or to independent legal counsel.
Section 5.4   Preemptive and Appraisal Rights.   Except as may be provided by the Board of Directors in setting the terms of classified or reclassified shares of stockShares pursuant to Section 6.4 or as may otherwise be provided by a contract approved by the Board of Directors, no holder of shares of stock of the CorporationShares shall, as such holder, have any preemptive right to purchase or subscribe for any additional shares of stock of the CorporationShares or any other security of the Corporation which it may issue or sell. Holders of shares of stockShares shall not be entitled to exercise any rights of an objecting stockholderStockholder provided for under Title 3, Subtitle 2 of the MGCL or any successor statute unless the Board of Directors, upon the affirmative vote of a majority of the Board of Directors and upon such terms and conditions as specified by the Board of Directors, shall determine that such rights apply, with respect to all or any sharesShares of all or any classes or series of stock, to one or more transactions occurring after the date of such determination in connection with which holders of such sharesShares would otherwise be entitled to exercise such rights.

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Section 5.5 Indemnification.   The Corporation shall have the power, to the maximum extent permitted by Maryland law in effect from time to time, to obligate itself to indemnify, and to pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to, (a) any individual who is a present or former director or officer of the Corporation or (b) any individual who, while a director or officer of the Corporation and at the request of the Corporation, serves or has served as a director, officer, partner, manager, member or trustee of another corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or any other enterprise from and against any claim or liability to which such person may become subject or which such person may incur by reason of his or her service in such capacity. The Corporation shall have the power, with the approval of the Board of Directors, to provide such indemnification and advancement of expenses to a person who served a predecessor of the Corporation in any of the capacities described in (a) or (b) above and to any employee or agent of the Corporation or a predecessor of the Corporation.
Section 5.5Section 5.6 Determinations by Board.   The determination as to any of the following matters, made by or pursuant to the direction of the Board of Directors, shall be final and conclusive and shall be binding upon the Corporation and every holder of shares of its stockShares:
(a)   the amount of the net income of the CorporationNet Income for any period and the amount of assets at any time legally available for the payment of dividends, acquisition of its stock or the payment of other distributions on its stockDistributions on Shares;
(b)   the amount of paid-in surplus, net assetsNet Assets, other surplus, cash flow, funds from operations, adjusted funds from operations, net profit, net assetsNet Assets in excess of capital, undivided profits or excess of profits over losses on salesSales of assets;
(c)   the amount, purpose, time of creation, increase or decrease, alteration or cancellation of any reserves or charges and the propriety thereof (whether or not any obligation or liability for which such reserves or charges shall have been created shall have been set aside, paid or discharged);
(d)   any interpretation or resolution of any ambiguity with respect to any provision of the Charter (or the Bylaws, including without limitation (i) any of the terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers or rights, restrictions, limitations as to dividends or other distributionsDistributions, qualifications or terms or conditions of redemption of any shares of any class or series of stock of the Corporation) or of the Bylaws; the number of shares of stock of any class or series of the Corporation; Shares; (ii) any provision of the definitions of any of the following: Affiliate, Independent Director and Sponsor, (iii) which amounts paid to the Adviser or its Affiliates are expenses connected with the ownership of real estate interests, loans or other property, (iv) which expenses are excluded from the definition of Total Operating Expenses, (v) whether expenses qualify as Organization and Offering Expenses, (vi) whether an investment is considered a commodity or commodity future contract and whether a futures contract is used solely for hedging purposes in connection with the Corporation’s ordinary business of investing in real estate assets, Mortgages and Real Estate-Related Securities as contemplated by Section 11.3(b), and (vii) whether substantial justification exists to invest in or make a Mortgage as contemplated by Section 11.3(d) because of the presence of other underwriting criteria;
(e)the number of Shares of any class or series of the Corporation;
(f)   the fair value, or any sale, bid or asked price to be applied in determining the fair value, of any asset owned or held by the Corporation or of any shares of stock of the Corporation; any matter relating to the acquisition, holding and disposition of any assets by the Corporation; any interpretation of the terms and conditions of one or more agreements with any person, corporation, association, company, trust, partnership (limited or general) or other entity; the compensation of directors, officers, employees or agents of the Corporation; or Shares;
(g)any matter relating to the acquisition, holding and disposition of any assets by the Corporation;
(h)any interpretation of the terms and conditions of one or more agreements with any Person;
(i)the compensation of Directors, officers, employees or agents of the Corporation; or

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(j)   any other matter relating to the business and affairs of the Corporation or required or permitted by applicable law, the Charter or Bylaws or otherwise to be determined by the Board of Directors.
Section 5.6Section 5.7 REIT Qualification.   If the Corporation elects to qualify for U.S. federal income tax treatment as a REIT, the Board of Directors shall use its reasonable best efforts to take such actions as are necessary or appropriate to preserve the qualification of the Corporation as a REIT; however, if the Board of Directors determines that it is no longer in the best interests of the Corporation to attempt to, or continue to, qualify as a REIT, the Board of Directors may, without any action by the stockholdersStockholders, authorize the Corporation to revoke or otherwise terminate the Corporation’s REIT election pursuant to Section 856(g) of the Code. The Board of Directors, in its sole and absolute discretion, also may (a) determine that compliance with any restriction or limitation on stock ownership and transfers set forth in Article VII is no longer required for REIT qualification and (b) make any other determination or take any other action pursuant to Article VII.
Section 5.7Section 5.8 Removal of Directors.   Subject to the rights of holders of one or more classes or series of Preferred Stock to elect or remove one or more directorsDirectors, any directorDirector, or the entire Board of Directors, may be removed from office at any time, but only for cause and then only by the affirmative vote of stockholdersStockholders entitled to cast at least two-thirds of all the votes entitled to be cast generally in the election of directorsDirectors. For the purpose of this paragraph, “cause” shall mean, with respect to any particular directorDirector, conviction of a felony or a final judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction holding that such directorDirector caused demonstrable, material harm to the Corporation through bad faith or active and deliberate dishonesty. Notwithstanding the foregoing, following the Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, subject to the rights of holders of one or more classes or series of Preferred Stock to elect or remove one or more Directors, any Director, or the entire Board of Directors, may be removed from office at any time by the affirmative vote of Stockholders entitled to cast a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast generally in the election of Directors.
Section 5.9    Advisor Agreements.    Subject to such approval of stockholders and other conditions, if any, as may be required by any applicable statute, rule or regulation, the Board of Directors may authorize the execution and performance by the Corporation of one or more agreements with any person, corporation, association, company, trust, partnership (limited or general) or other entity whereby, subject to the supervision and control of the Board of Directors, any such other person, corporation, association, company, trust, partnership (limited or general) or other entity shall render or make available to the Corporation managerial, investment, advisory and/or related services, office space and other services and facilities (including, if deemed advisable by the Board of Directors, the management or supervision of the investments of the Corporation) upon such terms and conditions as may be provided in such agreement or agreements (including, if deemed fair and equitable by the Board of Directors, the compensation payable thereunder by the Corporation).
Section 5.8Section 5.10 Corporate Opportunities.   The Corporation shall have the power, by resolution of the Board of Directors, to renounce any interest or expectancy of the Corporation in, or in being offered an opportunity to participate in, business opportunities or classes or categories of business opportunities that are presented to the Corporation or developed by or presented to one or more directorsDirectors or officers of the Corporation.
Section 5.9   Term.   Except as may otherwise be provided in the terms of any Preferred Stock issued by the Corporation with respect to the termination after less than one year of the term of office of any Director elected by the holders of such Preferred Stock, each Director shall hold office for one year, until the next annual meeting of Stockholders and until his or her successor is duly elected and qualifies. Directors may be elected to an unlimited number of successive terms.
Section 5.10   Experience.   Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, each Director shall have at least three years of relevant experience demonstrating the knowledge and experience required to successfully acquire and manage the type of assets being acquired by the Corporation. Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, at least one of the Independent Directors shall have at least three years of relevant real estate experience.
Section 5.11   Committees.   The Board may establish such committees as it deems appropriate, in its discretion, provided that, upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the majority of the members of each committee shall be Independent Directors.

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Section 5.12   Fiduciary Obligations.   Upon the Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the Directors shall serve in a fiduciary capacity to the Corporation and have a fiduciary duty to the Stockholders, including a fiduciary duty to the Stockholders to supervise the relationship of the Corporation with the Adviser.
Section 5.13   Board Action with Respect to Certain Matters.   Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, a majority of the Independent Directors must approve any Board action to which the following sections of the NASAA REIT Guidelines apply: II.A., II.C., II.F., II.G., IV.A., IV.B., IV.C., IV.D., IV.E., IV.F., IV.G., V.E., V.H., V.J., VI.A., VI.B.4 and VI.G.
Section 5.14   Ratification of Charter.   At the first meeting of the Board of Directors at which a majority of the Board of Directors consists of Independent Directors following the Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the Board of Directors and the Independent Directors shall each review and ratify the Charter by majority vote.
ARTICLE VI
STOCK
Section 6.1   Authorized Shares.   The Corporation has authority to issue 500,000,000 shares of stock950,000,000 Shares, consisting of 450,000,000900,000,000 shares of Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share (“Common Stock”), 450,000,000 shares of which are classified as Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share (“Class A Common Stock”), and 450,000,000 shares of which are classified as Class B Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share (“Class B Common Stock”), and 50,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share (“Preferred Stock”). The aggregate par value of all authorized shares of stockShares having par value is $5,000,000. If shares9,500,000. All Shares shall be fully paid and non-assessable when issued. If Shares of one class of stock are classified or reclassified into sharesShares of another class of stock pursuant to Section 6.2, 6.3 or 6.4 of this Article VI, the number of authorized sharesShares of the former class shall be automatically decreased and the number of sharesShares of the latter class shall be automatically increased, in each case by the number of sharesShares so classified or reclassified, so that the aggregate number of shares of stockShares of all classes that the Corporation has authority to issue shall not be more than the total number of shares of stockShares set forth in the first sentence of this paragraph. The Board of Directors, with the approval of a majority of the entire Board and without any action by the stockholdersStockholders of the Corporation, may amend the Charter from time to time to increase or decrease the aggregate number of shares of stockShares or the number of shares of stockShares of any class or series that the Corporation has authority to issue.
Section 6.2   Common Stock.   
(a)   Subject to the provisions of Article VII and except as may otherwise be specified in the Charter, each share of Common Stock shall entitle the holder thereof to one vote. The holders of shares of Common Stock shall vote together as a single class on all actions to be taken by the Stockholders; provided, however, that with respect to any amendment of the Charter that would alter the contract rights, as expressly set forth in the Charter, of only a specified class of Common Stock, only the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of such affected class of Common Stock, with no other class of Common Stock voting except such affected class of Common Stock voting as a separate class, shall be required. The Board of Directors may reclassify any unissued shares of Common Stock from time to time into one or more classes or series of stock.; provided, however, that, following the Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the voting rights per Share (other than any publicly held Share) sold in a private offering shall not exceed the voting rights which bear the same relationship to the voting rights of a publicly held Share as the consideration paid to the Corporation for each privately offered Share bears to the book value of each outstanding publicly held Share.
(b)   On the date that is one hundred eighty (180) calendar days (or, if such date is not a business day, the next business day) after the date of initial Listing of shares of Class A Common Stock for trading on a national securities exchange or such earlier date as shall be approved by the Board of Directors and set forth in a Certificate of Notice filed with the SDAT (as defined in Section 6.4) (the “First Conversion Date”), one-third of the issued and outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock shall automatically and without any action on the part of the holder thereof convert into an equal number of shares of

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Class A Common Stock. On the date that is three hundred sixty-five (365) calendar days (or, if such date is not a business day, the next business day) after the date of initial Listing of shares of Class A Common Stock for trading on a national securities exchange or such earlier date following the First Conversion Date as shall be approved by the Board of Directors and set forth in a Certificate of Notice filed with the SDAT (the “Second Conversion Date”), one-half of the issued and outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock shall automatically and without any action on the part of the holder thereof convert into an equal number of shares of Class A Common Stock. On the date that is five hundred forty-five (545) calendar days (or, if such date is not a business day, the next business day) after the date of initial Listing of shares of Class A Common Stock for trading on a national securities exchange or such earlier date following the Second Conversion Date as shall be approved by the Board of Directors and set forth in a Certificate of Notice filed with the SDAT, all of the issued and outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock shall automatically and without any action on the part of the holder thereof convert into an equal number of shares of Class A Common Stock.
(c)   Notwithstanding Section 6.2(b), on any date subsequent to the date hereof upon which the shares of Class A Common Stock are initially Listed for trading on a national securities exchange through a “direct listing” not involving a Public Offering, such number of the issued and outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock as is designated by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion shall, without any action on the part of the holder thereof, convert into an equal number of shares of Class A Common Stock (an “Early Conversion”). On the date that is three hundred sixty-five (365) calendar days (or, if such date is not a business day, the next business day) after the date of the Early Conversion (or such earlier date following the Early Conversion as shall be approved by the Board of Directors and set forth in a Certificate of Notice filed with the SDAT) (the “Initial Automatic Conversion Date”), one-half of the remaining outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock shall automatically and without any action on the part of the holder thereof convert into an equal number of shares of Class A Common Stock. On the date that is five hundred forty-five (545) calendar days (or, if such date is not a business day, the next business day) after the date of the Early Conversion (or such earlier date following the Initial Automatic Conversion Date as shall be approved by the Board of Directors and set forth in a Certificate of Notice filed with the SDAT), all of the remaining outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock shall automatically and without any action on the part of the holder thereof convert into an equal number of shares of Class A Common Stock. For the avoidance of doubt, in the event of such an Early Conversion, the terms of Section 6.2(b) shall not govern or apply and the terms of this Section 6.2(c) shall control.
Section 6.3   Preferred Stock.   The Board of Directors may classify any unissued shares of Preferred Stock and reclassify any previously classified but unissued shares of Preferred Stock of any series from time to time, into one or more classes or series of stock.Shares; provided, however, that, upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the voting rights per Share (other than any publicly held Share) sold in a private offering shall not exceed the voting rights that bear the same relationship to the voting rights of a publicly held Share as the consideration paid to the Corporation for each privately offered Share bears to the book value of each outstanding publicly held Share.
Section 6.4   Classified or Reclassified Shares.   Prior to issuance of classified or reclassified sharesShares of any class or series, the Board of Directors by resolution shall: (a) designate that class or series to distinguish it from all other classes and series of stock of the CorporationShares; (b) specify the number of sharesShares to be included in the class or series; (c) set or change, subject to the provisions of Article VII and subject to the express terms of any class or series of stock of the CorporationShares outstanding at the time, the preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to dividends and other distributionsDistributions, qualifications and terms and conditions of redemption for each class or series; and (d) cause the Corporation to file articles supplementary with the State Department of Assessments and Taxation of Maryland (“SDAT”). Any of the terms of any class or series of stockShares set or changed pursuant to clause (c) of this Section 6.4 may be made dependent upon facts or events ascertainable outside the Charter (including determinations by the Board of Directors or other facts or events within the control of the Corporation) and may vary among holders thereof, provided that the manner in which such facts, events or variations shall operate upon the terms of such class or series of stockShares is clearly and expressly set forth in the articles supplementary or other charter document.
Section 6.5   Stockholders’ Action.   Except as may be provided by the Board of Directors in setting the terms of any class or series of stock, stockholderStockholder action may be taken at an annual meeting of

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stockholdersStockholders of the Corporation or at a special meeting of stockholdersStockholders of the Corporation. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the holders of Common Stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directorsDirectors may be taken without a meeting if a unanimousby consent setting forth the action is given, in writing or by electronic transmission by each stockholder entitled to vote on the matter and filed with the minutes of proceedings of the stockholders, in any manner and by any vote permitted by the MGCL and set forth in the Bylaws.
Section 6.6   Charter and Bylaws.   The rights of all stockholdersStockholders and the terms of all stockShares are subject to the provisions of the Charter and the Bylaws. The Board of Directors shall have the exclusive power to adopt, alter or repeal any provision of the Bylaws and to make new Bylaws.
Section 6.7   Distributions.   The Board of Directors from time to time may authorize the Corporation to declare and pay to stockholdersStockholders such dividends or other distributionsDistributions in cash or other assets of the Corporation or in securities of the Corporation, including in sharesShares of one class or series of the Corporation’s stock payable to holders of sharesShares of another class or series of stock of the Corporation, or from any other source as the Board of Directors in its sole and absolute discretion shall determine. The exercise of the powers and rights of the Board of Directors pursuant to this Section 6.7 shall be subject to the provisions of any class or series of shares of the Corporation’s stockShares at the time outstanding. Following the Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, Distributions in kind shall not be permitted, except for Distributions of readily marketable securities, Distributions of beneficial interests in a liquidating trust established for the dissolution of the Corporation and the liquidation of its assets in accordance with the terms of the Charter or Distributions of in-kind property in which (a) the Board advises each Stockholder of the risks associated with direct ownership of the property, (b) the Board offers each Stockholder the election of receiving such in-kind property Distributions and (c) in-kind property Distributions are made only to those Stockholders that accept such offer.
Section 6.8   Suitability of Stockholders.   Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO and until Listing, the following provisions shall apply to the sale of Common Stock to the public pursuant to any Public Offering:
(a)Investor Suitability Standards. Subject to suitability standards established by individual states, to purchase Common Stock, if such prospective Stockholder is an individual (including an individual beneficiary of a purchasing individual retirement account), or if the prospective Stockholder is a fiduciary (such as a trustee of a trust or corporate pension or profit sharing plan, or other tax-exempt organization, or a custodian under a Uniform Gifts to Minors Act), such individual or fiduciary, as the case may be, must represent to the Corporation, among other requirements as the Corporation may require from time to time:
(i)that such individual (or, in the case of a fiduciary, that the fiduciary account or the donor who directly or indirectly supplies the funds to purchase the Common Stock) has a minimum annual gross income of $70,000 and a net worth (excluding home, furnishings and automobiles) of not less than $70,000; or
(ii)that such individual (or, in the case of a fiduciary, that the fiduciary account or the donor who directly or indirectly supplies the funds to purchase the Common Stock) has a net worth (excluding home, furnishings and automobiles) of not less than $250,000.
(b)Determination of Suitability of Sale. Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the Sponsor and each Person selling Common Stock on behalf of the Corporation and each broker or dealer or registered investment advisor or other qualified financial institution recommending the purchase of Common Stock to a customer shall make every reasonable effort to determine that the purchase of Common Stock by a Stockholder is a suitable and appropriate investment for such Stockholder. In making this determination in connection with any Public Offering, the Sponsor or each Person selling Common Stock on behalf of the Corporation, or each broker or dealer or registered investment adviser recommending the purchase of Common Stock to a customer shall ascertain that the prospective Stockholder: (a) meets the minimum income and net worth standards established for purchasing Common Stock; (b) can reasonably benefit from an investment in Common Stock based on the prospective Stockholder’s overall investment objectives and portfolio structure; (c) is able to bear the

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economic risk of the investment based on the prospective Stockholder’s overall financial situation; and (d) has apparent understanding of (i) the fundamental risks of the investment; (ii) the risk that the Stockholder may lose the entire investment; (iii) the lack of liquidity of the Common Stock; (iv) the restrictions on transferability of the Common Stock; and (v) the tax consequences of the investment.
The Sponsor or each Person selling Common Stock on behalf of the Corporation, or each broker or dealer or registered investment adviser recommending the purchase of Common Stock to a customer, shall make this determination with respect to each prospective Stockholder on the basis of information it has obtained from or on behalf of such prospective Stockholder, including information indirectly obtained from a prospective Stockholder through such Stockholder’s investment adviser, financial advisor or bank acting as a fiduciary. Relevant information for this purpose will include at least the age, investment objectives, investment experiences, income, net worth, financial situation and other investments of the prospective Stockholder, as well as any other pertinent factors.
The Sponsor or each Person selling Common Stock on behalf of the Corporation, or each broker or dealer or registered investment adviser recommending the purchase of Common Stock to a customer shall maintain records of the information used to determine that an investment in Common Stock is suitable and appropriate for a Stockholder. The Sponsor or each Person selling Common Stock on behalf of the Corporation, or each broker or dealer or registered investment adviser recommending the purchase of Common Stock to a customer shall maintain these records for at least six years.
The Sponsor and each Person selling Common Stock on behalf of the Corporation may each rely upon the following in satisfying its obligations under this Section 6.8(b): the Person directly recommending the purchase of Common Stock to a customer if that Person is a FINRA member broker or dealer that has entered into a selling agreement with the Sponsor or the Corporation or their Affiliates or (b) a registered investment adviser or other qualified financial institution that has entered into an agreement with the Sponsor or the Corporation or their Affiliates.
Section 6.9   Repurchase of Shares.   The Board may establish, from time to time, a program or programs by which the Corporation voluntarily repurchases Shares from its Stockholders (each, a “Repurchase Plan”); provided, however, that any repurchase of Shares pursuant to any such Repurchase Plan does not impair the capital or operations of the Corporation. Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, neither the Sponsor, the Adviser, any member of the Board of Directors nor any Affiliate thereof may receive any fees arising out of the repurchase of Shares by the Corporation.
Section 6.10   Distribution Reinvestment Plan.   The Board may establish, from time to time, a Distribution reinvestment plan or plans (each, a “Reinvestment Plan”). Under any such Reinvestment Plan, upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, (a) all material information regarding Distributions to the holders of Common Stock and the effect of reinvesting such Distributions, including the tax consequences thereof, shall be provided to the holders of Common Stock not less often than annually, and (b) each holder of Common Stock participating in such Reinvestment Plan shall have a reasonable opportunity to withdraw from the Reinvestment Plan not less often than annually after receipt of the information required in clause (a) above.
ARTICLE VII
RESTRICTIONS ON TRANSFER AND OWNERSHIP OF SHARES
Section 7.1   Definitions.   For the purpose of this Article VII, the following terms shall have the following meanings:
Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit.   The term “Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit” shall mean not more than 9.8 percent (in value or in number of sharesShares, whichever is more restrictive) of the aggregate of the outstanding shares of Capital Stock, or such other percentage determined by the Board of Directors in accordance with Section 7.2.8.
Beneficial Ownership.   The term “Beneficial Ownership” shall mean ownership of Capital Stock by a Person, whether the interest in the shares of Capital Stock is held directly or indirectly (including by a nominee), and shall include interests that would be treated as owned through the application of Section 544 of

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the Code, as modified by Sections 856(h)(1)(B) and 856(h)(3) of the Code. The terms “Beneficial Owner,” “Beneficially Owns” and “Beneficially Owned” shall have the correlative meanings.
Business Day.   The term “Business Day” shall mean any day, other than a Saturday or Sunday, that is neither a legal holiday nor a day on which banking institutions in New York City are authorized or required by law, regulation or executive order to close.
Capital Stock.   The term “Capital Stock” shall mean all classes or series of stock of the Corporation, including, without limitation, Common Stock and Preferred Stock.
Charitable Beneficiary.   The term “Charitable Beneficiary” shall mean one or more beneficiaries of the Trust as determined pursuant to Section 7.3.6, provided that each such organization must be described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code and contributions to each such organization must be eligible for deduction under each of Sections 170(b)(1)(A), 2055 and 2522 of the Code.
Common Stock Ownership Limit.   The term “Common Stock Ownership Limit” shall mean not more than 9.8 percent (in value or in number of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of the aggregate of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, or such other percentage determined by the Board of Directors in accordance with Section 7.2.8.
Constructive Ownership.   The term “Constructive Ownership” shall mean ownership of Capital Stock by a Person, whether the interest in the shares of Capital Stock is held directly or indirectly (including by a nominee), and shall include interests that would be treated as owned through the application of Section 318(a) of the Code, as modified by Section 856(d)(5) of the Code. The terms “Constructive Owner,” “Constructively Owns” and “Constructively Owned” shall have the correlative meanings.
Excepted Holder.   The term “Excepted Holder” shall mean a Person for whom an Excepted Holder Limit is created by the Charter or by the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 7.2.7.
Excepted Holder Limit.   The term “Excepted Holder Limit” shall mean, provided that the affected Excepted Holder agrees to comply with the requirements established by the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 7.2.7 and subject to adjustment pursuant to Section 7.2.7(d), the percentage limit established by the Board of Directors pursuant to Section 7.2.7.
Initial Date.   The term “Initial Date” shall mean the date of the initial contribution of assets to the Corporation.
Market Price.   The term “Market Price” on any date shall mean, with respect to any class or series of outstanding shares of Capital Stock, the Closing Price for such Capital Stock on such date. The “Closing Price” on any date shall mean the last sale price for such Capital Stock, regular way, or, in case no such sale takes place on such day, the average of the closing bid and asked prices, regular way, for such Capital Stock, in either case as reported in the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect to securities listed or admitted to trading on the NYSE or, if such Capital Stock is not listed or admitted to trading on the NYSE, as reported on the principal consolidated transaction reporting system with respect to securities listed on the principal national securities exchange on which such Capital Stock is listed or admitted to trading or, if such Capital Stock is not listed or admitted to trading on any national securities exchange, the last quoted price, or, if not so quoted, the average of the high bid and low asked prices in the over- the-counter market, as reported by the principal automated quotation system that may then be in use or, if such Capital Stock is not quoted by any such system, the average of the closing bid and asked prices as furnished by a professional market maker making a market in such Capital Stock selected by the Board of Directors or, in the event that no trading price is available for such Capital Stock, the fair market value of the Capital Stock, as determined by the Board of Directors.
NYSE.   The term “NYSE” shall mean the New York Stock Exchange, Inc.
Person.   The term “Person” shall mean an individual, corporation, partnership, estate, trust (including a trust qualified under Sections 401(a) or 501(c)(17) of the Code), a portion of a trust permanently set aside for or to be used exclusively for the purposes described in Section 642(c) of the Code, association, private foundation within the meaning of Section 509(a) of the Code, joint stock company or other entity and also

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includes a group as that term is used for purposes of Section 13(d)(3) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and a group to which an Excepted Holder Limit applies.
Preferred Stock Ownership Limit.   The term “Preferred Stock Ownership Limit” shall mean not more than 9.8 percent (in value or in number of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of the aggregate of the outstanding shares of any class or series of Preferred Stock, or such other percentage determined by the Board of Directors in accordance with Section 7.2.8.
Prohibited Owner.   The term “Prohibited Owner” shall mean, with respect to any purported Transfer, any Person who, but for the provisions of this Article VII, would Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock in violation of Section 7.2.1, and if appropriate in the context, shall also mean any Person who would have been the record owner of the shares that the Prohibited Owner would have so owned.
Restriction Termination Date.   The term “Restriction Termination Date” shall mean the first day after the Initial Date on which the Board of Directors determines pursuant to Section 5.7 of the Charter that it is no longer in the best interests of the Corporation to attempt to, or continue to, qualify as a REIT or that compliance with the restrictions and limitations on Beneficial Ownership, Constructive Ownership and Transfers of shares of Capital Stock set forth herein is no longer required in order for the Corporation to qualify as a REIT.
Transfer.   The term “Transfer” shall mean any issuance, sale, transfer, gift, assignment, devise or other disposition, as well as any other event that causes any Person to acquire or change its Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership, or any agreement to take any such actions or cause any such events, of Capital Stock or the right to vote (other than solely pursuant to a revocable proxy) or receive dividends on Capital Stock, or any agreement to take any such actions or cause any such events, including (a) the granting or exercise of any option (or any disposition of any option), (b) any disposition of any securities or rights convertible into or exchangeable for Capital Stock or any interest in Capital Stock or any exercise of any such conversion or exchange right and (c) Transfers of interests in other entities that result in changes in Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of Capital Stock; in each case, whether voluntary or involuntary, whether owned of record, Constructively Owned or Beneficially Owned and whether by operation of law or otherwise. The terms “Transferring” and “Transferred” shall have the correlative meanings.
Trust.   The term “Trust” shall mean any trust provided for in Section 7.3.1.
Trustee.   The term “Trustee” shall mean the Person unaffiliated with the Corporation and a Prohibited Owner, that is appointed by the Corporation to serve as trustee of the Trust.
Section 7.2   Capital Stock.
Section 7.2.1   Ownership Limitations.   During the period commencing on the Initial Date and prior to the Restriction Termination Date, but subject to Section 7.4:
(a)   Basic Restrictions.
(i)   (1) No Person, other than a Person exempted pursuant to Section 7.2.7 or an Excepted Holder, shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock in excess of the Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit, (2) no Person, other than a Person exempted pursuant to Section 7.2.7 or an Excepted Holder, shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Common Stock in excess of the Common Stock Ownership Limit, (3) no Person, other than a Person exempted pursuant to Section 7.2.7 or an Excepted Holder, shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Preferred Stock in excess of the Preferred Stock Ownership Limit and (4) no Excepted Holder shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock in excess of the Excepted Holder Limit for such Excepted Holder.
(ii)   (No Person shall Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock to the extent that such Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of Capital Stock would result in the Corporation (1) being “closely held” within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code (without regard to whether the ownership interest is held during the last half of a taxable year) or (2) otherwise failing to qualify as a REIT.

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(iii)   Any Transfer of shares of Capital Stock that, if effective, would result in the Capital Stock being beneficially owned by fewer than 100 Persons (determined under the principles of Section 856(a)(5) of the Code) shall be void ab initio, and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such shares of Capital Stock.
(b)   Transfer in Trust.   If any Transfer of shares of Capital Stock occurs which, if effective, would result in any Person Beneficially Owning or Constructively Owning shares of Capital Stock in violation of Section 7.2.1(a)(i) or (ii),
(i)   then that number of shares of the Capital Stock the Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of which otherwise would cause such Person to violate Section 7.2.1(a)(i) or (ii) (rounded up to the nearest whole share) shall be automatically transferred to a Trust for the benefit of a Charitable Beneficiary, as described in Section 7.3, effective as of the close of business on the Business Day prior to the date of such Transfer, and such Person shall acquire no rights in such shares; or
(ii)   if the transfer to the Trust described in clause (i) of this sentence would not be effective for any reason to prevent the violation of Section 7.2.1(a)(i) or (ii), then the Transfer of that number of shares of Capital Stock that otherwise would cause any Person to violate Section 7.2.1(a)(i) or (ii) shall be void ab initio, and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such shares of Capital Stock.
(iii)   To the extent that, upon a transfer of shares of Capital Stock pursuant to this Section 7.2.1(b), a violation of any provision of this Article VII would nonetheless be continuing (for example where the ownership of shares of Capital Stock by a single Trust would violate the 100 stockholder requirement applicable to REITs), then shares of Capital Stock shall be transferred to that number of Trusts, each having a distinct Trustee and a Charitable Beneficiary or Charitable Beneficiaries that are distinct from those of each other Trust, such that there is no violation of any provision of this Article VII.
Section 7.2.2   Remedies for Breach.   If the Board of Directors shall at any time determine that a Transfer or other event has taken place that results in a violation of Section 7.2.1 or that a Person intends to acquire or has attempted to acquire Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of any shares of Capital Stock in violation of Section 7.2.1 (whether or not such violation is intended), the Board of Directors may take such action as it deems advisable to refuse to give effect to or to prevent such Transfer or other event, including, without limitation, causing the Corporation to redeem shares, refusing to give effect to such Transfer on the books of the Corporation or instituting proceedings to enjoin such Transfer or other event; provided, however, that any Transfer or attempted Transfer or other event in violation of Section 7.2.1 shall automatically result in the transfer to the Trust described above, and, where applicable, such Transfer (or other event) shall be void ab initio as provided above irrespective of any action (or non-action) by the Board of Directors.
Section 7.2.3   Notice of Restricted Transfer.   Any Person who acquires or attempts or intends to acquire Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of shares of Capital Stock that will or may violate Section 7.2.1(a) or any Person who would have owned shares of Capital Stock that resulted in a transfer to the Trust pursuant to the provisions of Section 7.2.1(b) shall immediately give written notice to the Corporation of such event or, in the case of such a proposed or attempted transaction, give at least 15 days prior written notice, and shall provide to the Corporation such other information as the Corporation may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of such Transfer on the Corporation’s qualification as a REIT.
Section 7.2.4   Owners Required Toto Provide Information.   From the Initial Date and prior to the Restriction Termination Date:
(a)   every owner of five percent or more (or such lower percentage as required by the Code or the U.S. Treasury Department regulations promulgated thereunder) of the outstanding shares of Capital Stock, within 30 days after the end of each taxable year, shall give written notice to the Corporation stating the name and address of such owner, the number of shares of each class and series of Capital Stock Beneficially Owned and a description of the manner in which such shares are held. Each such owner shall provide promptly to the Corporation in writing such additional information as the

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Corporation may request in order to determine the effect, if any, of such Beneficial Ownership on the Corporation’s qualification as a REIT and to ensure compliance with the Common Stock Ownership Limit, the Preferred Stock Ownership Limit and the Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit; and
(b)   each Person who is a Beneficial Owner or Constructive Owner of Capital Stock and each Person (including the stockholder of record) who is holding Capital Stock for a Beneficial Owner or Constructive Owner shall provide promptly to the Corporation in writing such information as the Corporation may request, in order to determine the Corporation’s qualification as a REIT and to comply with the requirements of any taxing authority or governmental authority or to determine such compliance.
Section 7.2.5   Remedies Not Limited.   Subject to Section 5.7 of the Charter, nothing contained in this Section 7.2 shall limit the authority of the Board of Directors to take such other action as it deems necessary or advisable to protect the Corporation in preserving the Corporation’s qualification as a REIT.
Section 7.2.6   Ambiguity.   In the case of an ambiguity in the application of any of the provisions of this Section 7.2, Section 7.3, or any definition contained in Section 7.1, the Board of Directors may determine the application of the provisions of this Section 7.2 or Section 7.3 or any such definition with respect to any situation based on the facts known to it. In the event Section 7.2 or 7.3 requires an action by the Board of Directors and the Charter fails to provide specific guidance with respect to such action, the Board of Directors may determine the action to be taken so long as such action is not contrary to the provisions of Sections 7.1, 7.2 or 7.3. Absent a decision to the contrary by the Board of Directors (which the Board may make in its sole and absolute discretion), if a Person would have (but for the remedies set forth in Section 7.2.2) acquired Beneficial Ownership or Constructive Ownership of Capital Stock in violation of Section 7.2.1, such remedies (as applicable) shall apply first to the shares of Capital Stock which, but for such remedies, would have been Beneficially Owned or Constructively Owned (but not actually owned) by such Person, pro rata among the Persons who actually own such shares of Capital Stock based upon the relative number of the shares of Capital Stock held by each such Person.
Section 7.2.7   Exceptions. Section 7.2.7Exceptions.
(a)   Subject to Section 7.2.1(a)(ii) and upon receipt of such representations and agreements as the Board of Directors may require, the Board of Directors may exempt (prospectively or retroactively) a Person from the Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit, the Preferred Stock Ownership Limit and/or the Common Stock Ownership Limit, as the case may be, and may establish or increase an Excepted Holder Limit for such Person.
(b)   Prior to granting any exception pursuant to Section 7.2.7(a), the Board of Directors may require a ruling from the Internal Revenue Service, or an opinion of counsel, in either case in form and substance satisfactory to the Board of Directors in its sole discretion, as it may deem necessary or advisable in order to determine or ensure the Corporation’s qualification as a REIT. Notwithstanding the receipt of any ruling or opinion, the Board of Directors may impose such conditions or restrictions as it deems appropriate in connection with granting such exception.
(c)   Subject to Section 7.2.1(a)(ii), an underwriter which participates in a public offering or a private placement of Capital Stock (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Capital Stock) may Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock (or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Capital Stock) in excess of the Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit, the Preferred Stock Ownership Limit, the Common Stock Ownership Limit, or all such limits, but only to the extent necessary to facilitate such public offering or private placement.
(d)   The Board of Directors may only reduce the Excepted Holder Limit for an Excepted Holder: (1) with the written consent of such Excepted Holder at any time, or (2) unless the terms and conditions of the agreements and undertakings entered into with such Excepted Holder in connection with the establishment of the Excepted Holder Limit for that Excepted Holder provide otherwise, at any time after the Excepted Holder no longer Beneficially Owns or Constructively Owns shares of Capital Stock in excess of the Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit, the Preferred Stock Ownership Limit or the Common Stock Ownership Limit, or (3) pursuant to the terms and conditions of the agreements and undertakings entered into with such Excepted Holder in connection with the establishment of the Excepted Holder Limit for that Excepted Holder. No Excepted Holder Limit shall be reduced to a percentage that is less

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than the Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit, the Preferred Stock Ownership Limit and/or the Common Stock Ownership Limit, as the case may be.
Section 7.2.8   Increase or Decrease in Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit, Preferred Stock Ownership Limit and Common Stock Ownership Limit. Section 7.2.8
(a)   Subject to Section 7.2.1(a)(ii), the Board of Directors may from time to time increase or decrease the Common Stock Ownership Limit, the Preferred Stock Ownership Limit and the Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit, or any of them; provided, however, that any decreased Common Stock Ownership Limit, the Preferred Stock Ownership Limit and/or Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit will not be effective for any Person whose percentage of ownership of Common Stock, Preferred Stock of any class or series and/or Capital Stock, as applicable, is in excess of such decreased Common Stock Ownership Limit, Preferred Stock Ownership Limit and/or Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit until such time as such Person’s percentage of ownership of Common Stock, Preferred Stock of any class or series and/or Capital Stock, as applicable, equals or falls below the decreased Common Stock Ownership Limit, Preferred Stock Ownership Limit and/or Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit, but any further acquisition of Common Stock, Preferred Stock of any class or series or Capital Stock in excess of such percentage of ownership of Common Stock, Preferred Stock of such class or series or Capital Stock will be in violation of the Common Stock Ownership Limit, Preferred Stock Ownership Limit and/or Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit, as applicable.
(b)   Prior to increasing or decreasing the Common Stock Ownership Limit, the Preferred Stock Ownership Limit or the Aggregate Stock Ownership Limit, or any of them, pursuant to Section 7.2.8(a), the Board of Directors may require such opinions of counsel, affidavits, undertakings or agreements, in any case in form and substance satisfactory to the Board of Directors in its sole discretion, as it may deem necessary or advisable in order to determine or ensure the Corporation’s qualification as a REIT.
Section 7.2.9   Legend.   Each certificate for shares of Capital StockShares, if certificated, shall bear substantially the following legend:
The shares represented by this certificate are subject to restrictions on Beneficial Ownership and Constructive Ownership and Transfer for the purpose, among others, of the Corporation’s maintenance of its qualification as a real estate investment trust under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). Subject to certain further restrictions and except as expressly provided in the Corporation’s charter, (i) no Person may Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Common Stock in excess of 9.8 percent (in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of the outstanding shares of Common Stock unless such Person is exempt from such limitation or is an Excepted Holder (in which case the Excepted Holder Limit shall be applicable); (ii) no Person may Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of any class or series of Preferred Stock in excess of 9.8 percent (in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of the outstanding shares of such class or series of Preferred Stock unless such Person is exempt from such limitation or is an Excepted Holder (in which case the Excepted Holder Limit shall be applicable); (iii) no Person may Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock in excess of 9.8 percent (in value or number of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of the total outstanding shares of Capital Stock, unless such Person is exempt from such limitation or is an Excepted Holder (in which case the Excepted Holder Limit shall be applicable); (iv) no Person may Beneficially Own or Constructively Own Capital Stock that would result in the Corporation (1) being “closely held” under Section 856(h) of the Code (without regard to whether the ownership interest is held during the last half of a taxable year) or (2) otherwise failing to qualify as a REIT; and (v) any Transfer of shares of Capital Stock that, if effective would result in the Capital Stock being beneficially owned by less than 100 persons (as determined under the principles of Section 856(a)(5) of the Code) shall be void ab initio, and the intended transferee shall acquire no rights in such shares of the Capital Stock. Any Person who Beneficially Owns or Constructively Owns or attempts to Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock which causes or will cause a Person to Beneficially Own or Constructively Own shares of Capital Stock in excess or in violation of the above limitations must immediately notify the Corporation or, in the case of such a proposed or attempted transaction, give at least 15 days prior written notice. If any of the restrictions on transfer or ownership as set forth in (i) through (iv) above are violated, the shares of Capital Stock in excess or in violation of the above limitations will be automatically transferred to a Trustee of a Trust for the benefit of one or more Charitable Beneficiaries. In addition, the Corporation may redeem shares upon the terms and conditions specified by the

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Board of Directors in its sole discretion if the Board of Directors determines that ownership or a Transfer or other event may violate the restrictions described above. Furthermore, upon the occurrence of certain events, attempted Transfers in violation of the restrictions described in (i) through (iv) above may be void ab initio.
Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO and until such time as the Common Stock is listed on a national securities exchange, to purchase Common Stock in a Public Offering, if such prospective Stockholder is an individual (including an individual beneficiary of a purchasing individual retirement account), or if the prospective Stockholder is a fiduciary (such as a trustee of a trust or corporate pension or profit sharing plan, or other tax-exempt organization, or a custodian under a Uniform Gifts to Minors Act), such individual or fiduciary, as the case may be, must represent to the Corporation, among other requirements as the Corporation may require from time to time:
(a)   that such individual (or, in the case of a fiduciary, that the fiduciary account or the donor who directly or indirectly supplies the funds to purchase the Common Stock) has a minimum annual gross income of $70,000 and a net worth (excluding home, furnishings and automobiles) of not less than $70,000; or
(b)   that such individual (or, in the case of a fiduciary, that the fiduciary account or the donor who directly or indirectly supplies the funds to purchase the Common Stock) has a net worth (excluding home, furnishings and automobiles) of not less than $250,000. Subject to certain individual state requirements and except with respect to the issuance of Common Stock under the Reinvestment Plan, no transfer of Common Stock for value of less than the applicable amounts set forth in the Prospectus as of the date of such sale or transfer, or such other amounts as determined by the Board, will be permitted.
All capitalized terms in this legend have the meanings defined in the charter of the Corporation, as the same may be amended from time to time, a copy of which, including the restrictions on transfer and ownership, will be furnished to each holder of Capital StockShares on request and without charge. Requests for such a copy may be directed to the Secretary of the Corporation at its principal office.
Instead of the foregoing legend, any certificate or written statement of information delivered in lieu of a certificate may state that the Corporation will furnish a full statement about certain restrictions on transferability to a stockholderStockholder on request and without charge.
Section 7.3   Transfer of Capital Stock in Trust.
Section 7.3.1   Ownership in Trust.   Upon any purported Transfer or other event described in Section 7.2.1(b) that would result in a transfer of shares of Capital Stock to a Trust, such shares of Capital Stock shall be deemed to have been transferred to the Trustee as trustee of a Trust for the exclusive benefit of one or more Charitable Beneficiaries. Such transfer to the Trustee shall be deemed to be effective as of the close of business on the Business Day prior to the purported Transfer or other event that results in the transfer to the Trust pursuant to Section 7.2.1(b). The Trustee shall be appointed by the Corporation and shall be a Person unaffiliated with the Corporation and any Prohibited Owner. Each Charitable Beneficiary shall be designated by the Corporation as provided in Section 7.3.6.
Section 7.3.2   Status of Shares Held by the Trustee.   Shares of Capital Stock held by the Trustee shall be issued and outstanding shares of Capital Stock. The Prohibited Owner shall have no rights in the shares held by the Trustee. The Prohibited Owner shall not benefit economically from ownership of any shares held in trust by the Trustee, shall have no rights to dividends or other distributionsDistributions and shall not possess any rights to vote or other rights attributable to the shares held in the Trust.
Section 7.3.3   Dividend and Voting Rights.   The Trustee shall have all voting rights and rights to dividends or other distributionsDistributions with respect to shares of Capital Stock held in the Trust, which rights shall be exercised for the exclusive benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary. Any dividend or other distributionDistribution paid prior to the discovery by the Corporation that the shares of Capital Stock have been transferred to the Trustee shall be paid by the recipient of such dividend or distributionDistribution to the Trustee upon demand and any dividend or other distributionDistribution authorized but unpaid shall be paid when due to the Trustee. Any dividend or other distributionDistribution so paid to the Trustee shall be held in trust for the Charitable Beneficiary. The Prohibited Owner shall have no voting rights with respect to shares held in the Trust and, subject to Maryland law, effective as of the date that the shares of Capital Stock

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have been transferred to the Trust, the Trustee shall have the authority (at the Trustee’s sole discretion) (i) to rescind as void any vote cast by a Prohibited Owner prior to the discovery by the Corporation that the shares of Capital Stock have been transferred to the Trustee and (ii) to recast such vote in accordance with the desires of the Trustee acting for the benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary; provided, however, that if the Corporation has already taken irreversible corporate action, then the Trustee shall not have the authority to rescind and recast such vote. Notwithstanding the provisions of this Article VII, until the Corporation has received notification that shares of Capital Stock have been transferred into a Trust, the Corporation shall be entitled to rely on its share transfer and other stockholderStockholder records for purposes of preparing lists of stockholdersStockholders entitled to vote at meetings, determining the validity and authority of proxies and otherwise conducting votes and determining the other rights of stockholdersStockholders.
Section 7.3.4   Sale of Shares by Trustee.   Within 20 days of receiving notice from the Corporation that shares of Capital Stock have been transferred to the Trust, the Trustee of the Trust shall sell the shares held in the Trust to a person, designated by the Trustee, whose ownership of the shares will not violate the ownership limitations set forth in Section 7.2.1(a). Upon such sale, the interest of the Charitable Beneficiary in the shares sold shall terminate and the Trustee shall distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the Prohibited Owner and to the Charitable Beneficiary as provided in this Section 7.3.4. The Prohibited Owner shall receive the lesser of (1) the price paid by the Prohibited Owner for the shares or, if the event causing the shares to be held in the Trust did not involve a purchase of such shares at Market Price, the Market Price of the shares on the day of the event causing the shares to be held in the Trust and (2) the price per share received by the Trustee (net of any commissions and other expenses of sale) from the sale or other disposition of the shares held in the Trust. The Trustee may reduce the amount payable to the Prohibited Owner by the amount of dividends and other distributionsDistributions which have been paid to the Prohibited Owner and are owed by the Prohibited Owner to the Trustee pursuant to Section 7.3.3 of this Article VII. Any net sales proceeds in excess of the amount payable to the Prohibited Owner shall be immediately paid to the Charitable Beneficiary, together with any other amounts held by the Trustee with respect to such shares for the Charitable Beneficiary. If, prior to the discovery by the Corporation that shares of Capital Stock have been transferred to the Trustee, such shares are sold by a Prohibited Owner, then (i) such shares shall be deemed to have been sold on behalf of the Trust and (ii) to the extent that the Prohibited Owner received an amount for such shares that exceeds the amount that such Prohibited Owner was entitled to receive pursuant to this Section 7.3.4, such excess shall be paid to the Trustee upon demand.
Section 7.3.5   Purchase Right in Stock Transferred to the Trustee.   Shares of Capital Stock transferred to the Trustee shall be deemed to have been offered for sale to the Corporation, or its designee, at a price per share equal to the lesser of (i) the price per share in the transaction that resulted in such Transfer to the Trust (or, if the event that resulted in the Transfer to the Trust did not involve a purchase of such shares at Market Price, the Market Price of such shares on the day of the event that resulted in the Transfer of such shares to the Trust) and (ii) the Market Price on the date the Corporation, or its designee, accepts such offer. The Corporation may reduce the amount payable to the Trustee by the amount of dividends and other distributionsDistributions which has been paid to the Prohibited Owner and is owed by the Prohibited Owner to the Trustee pursuant to Section 7.3.3 of this Article VII. The Corporation may pay the amount of such reduction to the Trustee for the benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary. The Corporation shall have the right to accept such offer until the Trustee has sold the shares held in the Trust pursuant to Section 7.3.4. Upon such a sale to the Corporation, the interest of the Charitable Beneficiary in the shares sold shall terminate and the Trustee shall distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the Prohibited Owner and any dividends or other distributionsDistributions, together with any other amounts, held by the Trustee with respect to such shares shall be paid to the Charitable Beneficiary.
Section 7.3.6   Designation of Charitable Beneficiaries.   By written notice to the Trustee, the Corporation shall designate one or more nonprofit organizations to be the Charitable Beneficiary of the interest in the Trust such that the shares of Capital Stock held in the Trust would not violate the restrictions set forth in Section 7.2.1(a) in the hands of such Charitable Beneficiary. Neither the failure of the Corporation to make such designation nor the failure of the Corporation to appoint the Trustee before the automatic transfer provided in Section 7.2.1(b) shall make such transfer ineffective, provided that the Corporation thereafter makes such designation and appointment.
Section 7.4   NYSE Transactions.   Nothing in this Article VII shall preclude the settlement of any transaction entered into through the facilities of the NYSE or any other national securities exchange or

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automated inter-dealer quotation system. The fact that the settlement of any transaction occurs shall not negate the effect of any other provision of this Article VII and any transferee in such a transaction shall be subject to all of the provisions and limitations set forth in this Article VII.
Section 7.5   Enforcement.   The Corporation is authorized specifically to seek equitable relief, including injunctive relief, to enforce the provisions of this Article VII.
Section 7.6   Non-Waiver.   No delay or failure on the part of the Corporation or the Board of Directors in exercising any right hereunder shall operate as a waiver of any right of the Corporation or the Board of Directors, as the case may be, except to the extent specifically waived in writing.
Section 7.7   Severability.   If any provision of this Article VII or any application of any such provision is determined to be invalid by any federal or state court having jurisdiction over the issues, the validity of the remaining provisions shall not be affected and other applications of such provisions shall be affected only to the extent necessary to comply with the determination of such court.
ARTICLE VIII
AMENDMENTS
The Corporation reserves the right from time to time to make any amendment to the Charter, now or hereafter authorized by law, including any amendment altering the terms or contract rights, as expressly set forth in the Charter, of any shares of outstanding stockShares. All rights and powers conferred by the Charter on stockholders, directorsStockholders, Directors and officers are granted subject to this reservation. Except as set forth below and except for those amendments permitted to be made without stockholderStockholder approval under Maryland law or by specific provision in the Charter, any amendment to the Charter shall be valid only if declared advisable by the Board of Directors and approved by the affirmative vote of stockholders entitled to cast a majority of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter. Any, including without limitation, (a) any amendment which would adversely affect the rights, preferences and privileges of the Stockholders and (b) any amendment to Sections 5.10 and 5.12 of Article V, Article IX, Article XI, Article XII and Article XIV hereof and this Article VIII (or any other amendment of the Charter that would have the effect of amending such sections). Notwithstanding the foregoing, prior to the Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, any amendment to Section 5.85.7, Article VII or to this sentence of the Charter shall be valid only if declared advisable by the Board of Directors and approved by the affirmative vote of stockholdersStockholders entitled to cast at least two-thirds of all the votes entitled to be cast on the matter.
ARTICLE IX
LIMITATION OF LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION
Section 9.1   Limitation of Stockholder Liability.   No Stockholder shall be liable for any debt, claim, demand, judgment or obligation of any kind of, against or with respect to the Corporation by reason of being a Stockholder, nor shall any Stockholder be subject to any personal liability whatsoever, in tort, contract or otherwise, to any Person in connection with the assets or the affairs of the Corporation by reason of being a Stockholder.
Section 9.2   Limitation of Director and Officer Liability.
To the maximum extent that(a)Subject to any limitations set forth under Maryland law in effect from time to time permits limitation of the liability of directors and officers of a corporationor in Section 9.2(b), no present or former directorDirector or officer of the Corporation shall be liable to the Corporation or its stockholdersStockholders for money damages. Neither the amendment nor repeal of this Article IXSection 9.2(a), nor the adoption or amendment of any other provision of the Charter or Bylaws inconsistent with this Article IXSection 9.2(a), shall apply to or affect in any respect the applicability of the preceding sentence with respect to any act or failure to act which occurred prior to such amendment, repeal or adoption.
(b)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in 9.2(a) above, following the Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the Corporation shall not provide that a Director, the Adviser

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or any Affiliate of the Corporation or the Adviser (collectively, the “Indemnitees”) be held harmless for any loss or liability suffered by the Corporation, unless all of the following conditions are met:
(i)   The Indemnitee has determined, in good faith, that the course of conduct that caused the loss or liability was in the best interests of the Corporation.
(ii)   The Indemnitee was acting on behalf of or performing services for the Corporation.
(iii)   Such liability or loss was not the result of (A) negligence or misconduct, in the case that the Indemnitee is a Director (other than an Independent Director), the Adviser or an Affiliate of the Corporation or the Adviser or (B) gross negligence or willful misconduct, in the case that the Indemnitee is an Independent Director.
(iv)   Such agreement to hold harmless is recoverable only out of Net Assets and not from the Stockholders.
Section 9.3   Indemnification.
(a)Subject to any limitations set forth under Maryland law or in paragraph (b) or (c) below or Section 9.4 below, the Corporation shall indemnify and, without requiring a preliminary determination of the ultimate entitlement to indemnification, pay or reimburse reasonable expenses in advance of final disposition of a proceeding to (i) any individual who is a present or former Director or officer of the Corporation and who is made or threatened to be made a party to, or witness in, the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity, (ii) any individual who, while a Director or officer of the Corporation and at the request of the Corporation, serves or has served as a director, officer, partner, member, manager or trustee of another corporation, real estate investment trust, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise and who is made or threatened to be made a party to, or witness in, the proceeding by reason of his or her service in that capacity or (iii) the Adviser or any of its Affiliates acting as an agent of the Corporation who is made or threatened to be made a party to, or witness in, the proceeding by reason of its service in that capacity. The rights to indemnification and advancement of expenses provided to a Director or officer hereby shall vest immediately upon election of such Director or officer. The Corporation may, with the approval of the Board of Directors or any duly authorized committee thereof, provide such indemnification and advance for expenses to a Person who served a predecessor of the Corporation in any of the capacities described in (i) or (ii) above and to any employee or agent of the Corporation or a predecessor of the Corporation. The Board may take such action as is necessary to carry out this Section 9.3(a). No amendment of the Charter or repeal of any of its provisions shall limit or eliminate the right of indemnification provided hereunder with respect to acts or omissions occurring prior to such amendment or repeal.
(b)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in Section 9.3(a) above, upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the Corporation shall not provide for indemnification of an Indemnitee for any liability or loss suffered by such Indemnitee, unless all of the following conditions are met:
(i)The Indemnitee has determined, in good faith, that the course of conduct that caused the loss or liability was in the best interests of the Corporation.
(ii)The Indemnitee was acting on behalf of or performing services for the Corporation.
(iii)Such liability or loss was not the result of (A) negligence or misconduct, in the case that the Indemnitee is a Director (other than an Independent Director), the Adviser or an Affiliate of the Corporation or the Adviser or (B) gross negligence or willful misconduct, in the case that the Indemnitee is an Independent Director.
(iv)Such indemnification or agreement to hold harmless is recoverable only out of Net Assets and not from the Stockholders.
(c)Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in Section 9.3(a) above, upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the Corporation shall not provide indemnification to an

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Indemnitee or any Person acting as a broker-dealer for any loss, liability or expense arising from or out of an alleged violation of federal or state securities laws by such party unless one or more of the following conditions are met: (i) there has been a successful adjudication on the merits of each count involving alleged securities law violations as to the Indemnitee; (ii) such claims have been dismissed with prejudice on the merits by a court of competent jurisdiction as to the Indemnitee; or (iii) a court of competent jurisdiction approves a settlement of the claims against the Indemnitee and finds that indemnification of the settlement and the related costs should be made, and the court considering the request for indemnification has been advised of the position of the SEC and of the published position of any state securities regulatory authority in which securities were offered or sold as to indemnification for violations of securities laws.
Section 9.4Payment of Expenses.Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the Corporation may pay or reimburse reasonable legal expenses and other costs incurred by an Indemnitee in advance of final disposition of a proceeding only if all of the following are satisfied: (a) the proceeding relates to acts or omissions with respect to the performance of duties or services on behalf of the Corporation, (b) the Indemnitee provides the Corporation with written affirmation of the Indemnitee’s good faith belief that the Indemnitee has met the standard of conduct necessary for indemnification by the Corporation as authorized by Section 9.3 hereof, (c) the legal proceeding was initiated by a third party who is not a Stockholder or, if by a Stockholder of the Corporation acting in his or her capacity as such, a court of competent jurisdiction approves such advancement, and (d) the Indemnitee provides the Corporation with a written agreement to repay the amount paid or reimbursed by the Corporation, together with the applicable legal rate of interest thereon, if it is ultimately determined that the Indemnitee did not comply with the requisite standard of conduct and is not entitled to indemnification.
Section 9.5   Express Exculpatory Clauses in Instruments.   Neither the Stockholders nor the Directors, officers, employees or agents of the Corporation shall be liable under any written instrument creating an obligation of the Corporation by reason of their being Stockholders, Directors, officers, employees or agents of the Corporation, and all Persons shall look solely to the Corporation’s assets for the payment of any claim under or for the performance of that instrument. The omission of the foregoing exculpatory language from any instrument shall not affect the validity or enforceability of such instrument and shall not render any Stockholder, Director, officer, employee or agent liable thereunder to any third party, nor shall the Directors or any officer, employee or agent of the Corporation be liable to anyone as a result of such omission.
ARTICLE X
ADVISER
Section 10.1Appointment of Adviser and Initial Investment.   The Board is responsible for setting the general policies of the Corporation and for the general supervision of its business conducted by officers, agents, employees, advisors or independent contractors of the Corporation. However, the Board is not required personally to conduct the business of the Corporation, and it may (but need not) appoint, employ or contract with any Person (including a Person that is an Affiliate of any Director) as an Adviser and may grant or delegate such authority to the Adviser as the Board may, in its sole discretion, deem necessary or desirable. Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the term of retention of any Adviser shall not exceed one year, although there is no limit to the number of times that a particular Adviser may be retained. Prior to the Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the Sponsor or an Affiliate thereof must make an Initial Investment of $200,000 in the Corporation. The Sponsor or such Affiliate may not sell the Initial Investment while the Sponsor or any Affiliate thereof serves as the Sponsor but may transfer the Initial Investment to other Affiliates.
Section 10.2Supervision of Adviser.   The Board shall review and evaluate the qualifications of the Adviser before entering into and shall evaluate the performance of the Adviser before renewing, an Advisory Agreement, and the criteria used in such evaluation shall be reflected in the minutes of the meetings of the Board. The Board may exercise broad discretion in allowing the Adviser to administer and regulate the operations and investment activities of the Corporation, to act as agent for the Corporation, to execute documents on behalf of the Corporation and to make executive decisions that conform to general policies and principles established by the Board. The Board shall monitor the Adviser to assure that the administrative

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procedures, operations and programs of the Corporation are in the best interests of the Stockholders and are fulfilled. In addition, the following shall apply upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO:
(a)The Independent Directors will be responsible for reviewing, from time to time and at least annually, the fees and expenses of the Corporation to determine that the fees and expenses incurred are reasonable in light of the investment performance of the Corporation, its Net Assets, its Net Income and the fees and expenses of other comparable unaffiliated REITs. Each such determination shall be reflected in the minutes of the meetings of the Board.
(b)The Independent Directors also will be responsible for reviewing, from time to time and at least annually, the performance of the Adviser and determining that compensation to be paid to the Adviser is reasonable in relation to the nature and quality of services performed and that such compensation is within the limits prescribed by the Charter.
(c)The Independent Directors shall also supervise the performance of the Adviser and the compensation paid to the Adviser by the Corporation in order to determine that the provisions of the Advisory Agreement are being carried out. Specifically, the Independent Directors will consider factors such as (a) the amount of the fee paid to the Adviser in relation to the size, composition and performance of the Assets of the Corporation, (b) the success of the Adviser in generating opportunities that meet the investment objectives of the Corporation, (c) rates charged to other REITs and to investors other than REITs by advisors performing the same or similar services, (d) additional revenues realized by the Adviser and its Affiliates through their relationship with the Corporation, including loan administration, underwriting or broker commissions, servicing, engineering, inspection and other fees, whether paid by the Corporation or by others with whom the Corporation does business, (e) the quality and extent of service and advice furnished by the Adviser, (f) the performance of the Assets of the Corporation, including income, conservation or appreciation of capital, frequency of problem investments and competence in dealing with distress situations, and (g) the quality of the Assets of the Corporation relative to the investments generated by the Adviser for its own account. The Independent Directors may also consider all other factors that they deem relevant, and the findings of the Independent Directors on each of the factors considered shall be recorded in the minutes of the Board.
(d)The Board shall determine whether any successor Adviser possesses sufficient qualifications to perform the advisory function for the Corporation and whether the compensation provided for in its contract with the Corporation is justified.
Section 10.3Fiduciary Obligations.   The Adviser shall have a fiduciary responsibility and duty to the Corporation and to the Stockholders.
Section 10.4Term and Termination.   Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the Advisory Agreement shall have a term of no more than one year, subject to an unlimited number of successive one-year renewals upon mutual consent of the parties. Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, a majority of the Independent Directors may terminate the Advisory Agreement on 60 days’ written notice without cause or penalty, and, in such event, the Adviser will cooperate with, and take all reasonable steps requested to assist, the Corporation and the Board in making an orderly transition of the advisory function.
Section 10.5Disposition Fee on Sale of Property.   The Corporation may pay the Adviser a real estate commission upon the Sale of one or more Properties; provided, however, that, upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, such real estate commission shall not exceed the lesser of (a) one-half of the Competitive Real Estate Commission or (b) 3% of the sales price of such Property or Properties. Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, payment of such fee may be made only if the Adviser provides a substantial amount of services in connection with the Sale of such Property or Properties, as determined by a majority of the Independent Directors. In addition, upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the amount paid when added to all other real estate commissions paid to unaffiliated parties in connection with such Sale shall not exceed the lesser of the Competitive Real Estate Commission or an amount equal to 6% of the sales price of such Property or Properties.
Section 10.6Incentive Fees.   The Corporation may pay the Advisor an interest in the gain from the Sale of Assets, for which full consideration is not paid in cash or property of equivalent value; provided, however, that, upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the amount or percentage of such interest shall

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be reasonable. Such an interest in gain from the Sale of Assets shall be considered presumptively reasonable if it does not exceed 15% of the balance of such net proceeds remaining after payment to holders of Common Stock, in the aggregate, of an amount equal to 100% of the Invested Capital, plus an amount equal to 6% of the Invested Capital per annum cumulative. Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, in the case of multiple Advisers, such Adviser and any of their Affiliates shall be allowed such fees provided such fees are distributed by a proportional method reasonably designed to reflect the value added to the Assets by each respective Adviser or any Affiliate.
Section 10.7Acquisition Fees.   The Corporation may pay the Adviser and its Affiliates fees for the review and evaluation of potential investments in Assets of the Corporation; provided, however, that, upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the total of all Acquisition Fees and Acquisition Expenses shall be reasonable, and shall not exceed an amount equal to 6% of the Contract Purchase Price or, in the case of a Mortgage, 6% of the funds advanced; and provided, further, that a majority of the Directors (including a majority of the Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction may approve fees and expenses in excess of this limit if they determine the transaction to be commercially competitive, fair and reasonable to the Corporation.
Section 10.8Reimbursement for Total Operating Expenses.   The Corporation may reimburse the Adviser, at the end of each fiscal quarter, for Total Operating Expenses paid by the Adviser; provided, however, that, following the fourth fiscal quarter after the quarter in which the Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO occurs, the Corporation shall not reimburse the Adviser at the end of any fiscal quarter for Total Operating Expenses that, in the four consecutive fiscal quarters then ended, exceed the greater of 2% of Average Invested Assets or 25% of Net Income (the “2%/25% Guidelines”) for such four fiscal quarters. Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the Independent Directors shall have the fiduciary responsibility of limiting Total Operating Expenses to amounts that do not exceed the 2%/25% Guidelines unless they have made a finding that, based on such unusual and non-recurring factors that they deem sufficient, a higher level of expenses (an “Excess Amount”)is justified. Within 60 days after the end of any fiscal quarter of the Corporation for which there is an Excess Amount that the Independent Directors conclude was justified, there shall be sent to the holders of Common Stock a written disclosure of such fact (or shall be disclosed to the holders of Common Stock in the next Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Corporation or by filing a Current Report on Form 8-K with the SEC within 60 days of such quarter end), together with an explanation of the factors the Independent Directors considered in determining that such Excess Amount was justified. Any such finding and the reasons in support thereof shall be reflected in the minutes of the meetings of the Board. In the event that the Independent Directors do not determine that such Excess Amount is justified, the Adviser shall pay the Corporation the amount by which the expenses exceeded the 2%/25% Guidelines.
ARTICLE XI
INVESTMENT POLICIES AND LIMITATIONS
Section 11.1   Review of Investment Policies.   The Board shall establish written policies on investments and borrowing and shall monitor the administrative procedures, investment operations and performance of the Corporation and the Adviser to assure that such policies are carried out. The Independent Directors shall review the investment policies of the Corporation with sufficient frequency (and, upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, not less often than annually) to determine that the policies being followed by the Corporation are in the best interests of its Stockholders. Each such determination and the basis therefor shall be set forth in the minutes of the meetings of the Board.
Section 11.2Certain Investment Restrictions.
(a)Subject to any limitations in Section 11.3, the Corporation may invest in equity securities, provided that, upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, such investment shall be permitted only if a majority of Directors (including a majority of Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction approve such investment as being fair, competitive and commercially reasonable.
(b)The Corporation may invest in Joint Ventures with the Sponsor, the Adviser, one or more Directors or any Affiliate thereof, provided that, upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, a majority of Directors (including a majority of Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in the

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transaction must approve such investment as being fair and reasonable to the Corporation and on substantially the same terms and conditions as, or more favorable than, those received by other joint venturers.
Section 11.3Investment and Other Limitations.   In addition to other investment restrictions and guidelines imposed by the Board from time to time, consistent with the Corporation’s objective of qualifying as a REIT, the following limitations shall apply upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO:
(a)Not more than 10% of the Corporation’s total Assets shall be invested in Unimproved Real Property or indebtedness secured by a deed of trust or Mortgages on Unimproved Real Property.
(b)The Corporation shall not invest in commodities or commodity future contracts. This limitation is not intended to apply to derivatives related to non-commodity investments, including futures contracts when used solely for the purpose of hedging in connection with the Corporation’s ordinary business of investing in real estate assets, Mortgages and Real Estate-Related Securities.
(c)The Corporation shall not invest in or make any Mortgage (excluding any investments in mortgage pools, commercial mortgage-backed securities or residential mortgage-backed securities) unless an appraisal is obtained concerning the underlying property, except for those loans insured or guaranteed by a government or government agency. In cases in which a majority of Independent Directors so determine, and in all cases in which the transaction is with the Adviser, the Sponsor, any Director or any Affiliate thereof, such appraisal of the underlying property must be obtained from an Independent Appraiser. Such appraisal shall be maintained in the Corporation’s records for at least five years and shall be available for inspection and duplication by any holder of Common Stock. In addition to the appraisal, a mortgagee’s or owner’s title insurance policy as to the priority of the Mortgage or condition of the title must be obtained.
(d)The Corporation shall not invest in or make any Mortgage, including a construction loan but excluding any investments in mortgage pools, commercial mortgage-backed securities or residential mortgage-backed securities, on any one Real Property if the aggregate amount of all mortgage loans on such Real Property, including the loans of the Corporation, would exceed an amount equal to 85% of the appraised value of such Real Property as determined by appraisal unless substantial justification exists because of the presence of other underwriting criteria. For purposes of this subsection, the “aggregate amount of all mortgage loans on such Real Property, including the loans of the Corporation” shall include all interest (excluding contingent participation in income and/or appreciation in value of the mortgaged property), the current payment of which may be deferred pursuant to the terms of such loans, to the extent that deferred interest on each loan exceeds 5% per annum of the principal balance of the loan.
(e)The Corporation shall not make or invest in any Mortgages (excluding any investments in mortgage pools, commercial mortgage-backed securities or residential mortgage-backed securities) that are subordinate to any lien or other indebtedness or equity interest of the Advisor, any Director, the Sponsor or any Affiliate of the Corporation.
(f)The Corporation shall not issue (i) equity securities redeemable solely at the option of the holder (except that Stockholders may offer their Common Stock to the Corporation pursuant to any Repurchase Plan adopted by the Board on terms outlined in the Prospectus relating to any Offering, as such Repurchase Plan is thereafter amended in accordance with its terms); (ii) debt securities unless the historical debt service coverage (in the most recently completed fiscal year) as adjusted for known changes is sufficient to properly service that higher level of debt, as determined by the Board of Directors or a duly authorized officer of the Corporation; (iii) equity securities on a deferred payment basis or under similar arrangements; or (iv) options or warrants to the Adviser, the Directors, the Sponsor or any Affiliate thereof except on the same terms as such options or warrants, if any, are sold to the general public. Options or warrants may be issued to Persons other than the Adviser, the Directors, the Sponsor or any Affiliate thereof, but not at exercise prices less than the fair market value of the underlying Securities on the date of grant and not for consideration (which may include services) that in the judgment of the Independent Directors has a market value less than the value of such option or warrant on the date of grant. Options or warrants granted to the Adviser, the Directors, the Sponsor or any Affiliate thereof shall not be exercisable for a number of Shares that exceeds 10% of the outstanding Shares on the date of

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grant. Following the Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the voting rights per Share (other than any publicly held Share) sold in a private offering shall not exceed the voting rights that bear the same relationship to the voting rights of a publicly held Share as the consideration paid to the Corporation for each privately offered Share bears to the book value of each outstanding publicly held Share.
(g)A majority of Directors shall determine the consideration paid for Real Property acquired by the Corporation, which shall ordinarily be based on the fair market value of the Real Property as determined by a majority of Directors. If a majority of the Independent Directors on the Board of Directors or a duly authorized committee of the Board determines, or if the Real Property is acquired from the Adviser, a Director, the Sponsor or an Affiliate thereof, such fair market value shall be determined by a qualified Independent Appraiser selected by such Independent Directors.
(h)The aggregate Leverage shall be reasonable in relation to the Net Assets and shall be reviewed by the Board at least quarterly. The maximum amount of such Leverage in relation to Net Assets shall not exceed 300%. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Leverage may exceed such limit if any excess in borrowing over such level is approved by a majority of the Independent Directors. Any such excess borrowing shall be disclosed to Stockholders in the next quarterly report of the Corporation following such borrowing, along with justification for such excess.
(i)The Corporation shall not make any investment that the Corporation believes will cause it to be classified as an “investment company” under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
(j)The Corporation will not make any investment that the Corporation believes will be inconsistent with its objectives of qualifying and remaining qualified as a REIT unless and until the Board determines, in its sole discretion, that REIT qualification is not in the best interests of the Corporation.
(k)The Corporation shall not invest in real estate contracts of sale, otherwise known as land sale contracts, unless the contract is in recordable form and is appropriately recorded in the chain of title.
(l)The Corporation shall not engage in the business of underwriting or the agency distribution of securities issued by other Persons.
(m)The Corporation shall not acquire interests or securities in any entity holding investments or engaging in activities prohibited by this Article XI except for investments in which the Corporation holds a non-controlling interest or investments in any entity having securities listed on a national securities exchange or included for quotation on an interdealer quotation system.
ARTICLE XII
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
Section 12.1Sales and Leases to the Corporation.   Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the Corporation may purchase or lease an asset or assets from the Sponsor, the Adviser, a Director or any Affiliate thereof only upon a finding by a majority of Directors (including a majority of Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction that such transaction is fair and reasonable to the Corporation and at a price to the Corporation no greater than the cost of the asset to such Sponsor, Adviser, Director or Affiliate or, if the price to the Corporation is in excess of such cost, that substantial justification for such excess exists and such excess is reasonable. In no event shall the purchase price paid by the Corporation for any such asset exceed the asset’s current appraised value.
Section 12.2Sales and Leases to the Sponsor, Adviser, Directors or Affiliates.   Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the Adviser, the Sponsor, a Director or any Affiliate thereof may purchase or lease an asset or assets from the Corporation only if a majority of Directors (including a majority of Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in the transaction determine that the transaction is fair and reasonable to the Corporation.
Section 12.3Other Transactions.
(a)Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the Corporation shall not make loans to the Sponsor, the Adviser, a Director or any Affiliate thereof except Mortgages pursuant to Section 11.3(c),

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(d) and (e) hereof or loans to wholly owned subsidiaries of the Corporation. This restriction on loans applies only to advances of cash that are commonly viewed as loans, as determined by the Board of Directors, and does not apply to advances of cash for legal expenses or other costs incurred as a result of any legal action for which indemnification is being sought nor does it limit the Corporation’s ability to advance reimbursable expenses incurred by Directors or officers or the Advisor or its Affiliates.
(b)Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the Corporation may not borrow money from the Sponsor, the Adviser, a Director or any Affiliate thereof, unless approved by a majority of the Directors (including a majority of the Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in such transaction as fair, competitive, and commercially reasonable, and no less favorable to the Corporation than comparable loans between unaffiliated parties under the same circumstances.
(c)Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the Corporation shall not engage in any other transaction with the Sponsor, the Adviser, a Director or any Affiliate thereof unless a majority of the Directors (including a majority of the Independent Directors) not otherwise interested in such transaction approve such transaction as fair and reasonable to the Corporation and on terms and conditions no less favorable to the Corporation than those available from unaffiliated third parties.
ARTICLE XIII
STOCKHOLDERS
Section 13.1Meetings.   There shall be an annual meeting of the Stockholders, to be held on such date and at such time and place as shall be determined by or in the manner prescribed in the Bylaws, at which the Directors shall be elected and any other proper business may be conducted; provided that, upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, such annual meeting will be held upon reasonable notice and within a reasonable period (not less than 30 days) following delivery of the annual report. Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the Board of Directors, including the Independent Directors, shall be required to take reasonable steps to ensure that this requirement is met. Prior to the Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, a plurality of all the votes cast at a meeting of Stockholders duly called and at which a quorum is present shall be sufficient to elect a Director. Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the holders of a majority of Shares entitled to vote who are present in person or by proxy at an annual meeting at which a quorum is present, may, without the necessity for concurrence by the Board, vote to elect the Directors. Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded REIT IPO, a quorum shall be the presence in person or by proxy of Stockholders entitled to cast at least 50% of all the votes entitled to be cast at such meeting on any matter. Special meetings of Stockholders may be called in the manner provided in the Bylaws, including by the chief executive officer, the president or the chairperson of the board or by a majority of the Directors or a majority of the Independent Directors, and, upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, shall be called by the secretary of the Corporation to act on any matter that may properly be considered at a meeting of Stockholders upon the written request of Stockholders entitled to cast not less than 10% of all the votes entitled to be cast on such matter at such meeting. Notice of any special meeting of Stockholders shall be given as provided in the Bylaws. If, following Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, a meeting is called by the secretary upon the written request of Stockholders as described in this Section 13.1, notice of the special meeting shall be sent to all Stockholders within 10 days of the receipt of the written request and the special meeting shall be held at the time and place specified in the Stockholder request not less than 15 days nor more than 60 days after the delivery of the notice; provided, however, that if no time or place is so specified in the Stockholder request, at such time and place convenient to the Stockholders. If there are no Directors, the officers of the Corporation shall promptly call a special meeting of the Stockholders entitled to vote for the election of successor Directors. Any meeting may be adjourned and reconvened as the Board may determine or as otherwise provided in the Bylaws.
Section 13.2Voting Rights of Stockholders.   Subject to the mandatory provisions of any applicable laws or regulations, the holders of Common Stock shall be entitled to vote only on the following matters: (a) election or removal of Directors, without the necessity for concurrence by the Board; (b) amendment of the Charter as provided in Article VIII hereof; (c) dissolution of the Corporation; (d) a merger, conversion or consolidation of the Corporation, a statutory share exchange or the sale or other disposition of all or substantially all of the Corporation’s Assets; and (e) such other matters with respect to which the Board of Directors has adopted a resolution declaring that a proposed action is advisable and directing that the matter

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be submitted to the Stockholders for approval or ratification. Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, without the approval of a majority of the Shares entitled to vote on the matter, the Board may not (i) amend the Charter to adversely affect the rights, preferences and privileges of the Stockholders; (ii) amend provisions of the Charter relating to Director qualifications, fiduciary duties, liability and indemnification, conflicts of interest, investment policies or investment restrictions; (iii) liquidate or dissolve the Corporation other than before the initial investment in Property; (iv) sell all or substantially all of the Corporation’s Assets other than in the ordinary course of business or as otherwise permitted by law; or (v) cause the merger or reorganization of the Corporation except as permitted by law.
Section 13.3Voting Limitations on Shares Held by the Adviser, Directors and Affiliates.   Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, with respect to Shares owned by the Adviser, any Director or any of their or the Corporation’s Affiliates, neither the Adviser, nor such Director(s), nor any of their or the Corporation’s Affiliates may vote or consent on matters submitted to the Stockholders regarding the removal of the Adviser, such Director(s) or any of their or the Corporation’s Affiliates or any transaction between the Corporation and any of them. In determining the requisite percentage in interest of Shares necessary to approve a matter on which the Adviser, such Director and any of their or the Corporation’s Affiliates may not vote or consent, any Shares owned by any of them shall not be included.
Section 13.4Right of Inspection.   Any holder of Common Stock and any designated representative thereof shall be permitted access to the records of the Corporation to which it is entitled under applicable law at all reasonable times and may inspect and copy any of them for a reasonable charge. Inspection of the Corporation’s books and records by the office or agency administering the securities laws of a jurisdiction shall be provided upon reasonable notice and during normal business hours.
Section 13.5Access to Stockholder List.   An alphabetical list of the names, addresses and telephone numbers of the holders of Common Stock, along with the number of Shares held by each of them (the “Stockholder List”), shall be maintained as part of the books and records of the Corporation and, upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, shall be available for inspection by any holder of Common Stock or such holder’s designated agent at the home office of the Corporation upon the request of the holder of Common Stock. Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the following provisions shall apply:
(a)A copy of the Stockholder List shall be mailed to any holder of Common Stock so requesting within ten days of receipt by the Corporation of the request. The copy of the Stockholder List shall be printed in alphabetical order, on white paper, and in a readily readable type size (in no event smaller than ten-point type). The Corporation may impose a reasonable charge for expenses incurred in reproduction pursuant to such holder’s request. The purposes for which a holder of Common Stock may request a copy of the Stockholder List include, without limitation, matters relating to such holder’s voting rights, the exercise of such holder’s rights under federal proxy laws and any other proper purpose. The Stockholder List shall be updated at least quarterly to reflect changes in the information contained therein.
(b) If the Advisor or the Corporation neglects or refuses to exhibit, produce or mail a copy of the Stockholder List as requested, the Adviser and/or the Corporation, as the case may be, shall be liable to any holder of Common Stock requesting the Stockholder List for the costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, incurred by such holder of Common Stock for compelling the production of the Stockholder List, and for actual damages suffered by any holder of Common Stock by reason of such refusal or neglect. It shall be a defense that the actual purpose and reason for the requests for inspection or for a copy of the Stockholder List is to secure the Stockholder List or other information for the purpose of selling the Stockholder List or copies thereof, or of using the same for a commercial purpose other than in the interest of the applicant as a holder of Common Stock relative to the affairs of the Corporation. The Corporation may require the holder of Common Stock requesting the Stockholder List to represent that the Stockholder List is not requested for a commercial purpose unrelated to such holder’s interest in the Corporation. The remedies provided hereunder to holders of Common Stock requesting copies of the Stockholder List are in addition to, and shall not in any way limit, other remedies available to holders of Common Stock under federal law or the laws of any state.
Section 13.6Reports.   For each fiscal year after the Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the Directors, including the Independent Directors, shall take reasonable steps to insure that the Corporation

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shall cause to be prepared and mailed or delivered to each holder of Common Stock as of a record date after the end of the fiscal year, within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year to which it relates, an annual report that shall include: (a) financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP that are audited and reported on by independent certified public accountants; (b) the ratio of the costs of raising capital during the period to the capital raised; (c) the aggregate amount of advisory fees and the aggregate amount of other fees paid to the Adviser and any Affiliate of the Advisor by the Corporation and including fees or charges paid to the Adviser and any Affiliate of the Adviser by third parties doing business with the Corporation; (d) the Total Operating Expenses of the Corporation, stated as a percentage of Average Invested Assets and as a percentage of its Net Income; (e) a report from the Independent Directors that the policies being followed by the Corporation are in the best interests of the holders of Common Stock and the basis for such determination; and (f) separately stated, full disclosure of all material terms, factors and circumstances surrounding any and all transactions involving the Corporation, the Directors, the Adviser, the Sponsors and any Affiliate thereof occurring in the year for which the annual report is made, and the Independent Directors shall be specifically charged with a duty to examine and comment in the report on the fairness of such transactions. Alternatively, such information may be provided in a proxy statement delivered with the annual report. The annual report and proxy statement may be delivered by any reasonable means, including through an electronic medium. Electronic delivery of the annual report or proxy statement shall comply with any then-applicable rules of the SEC.
Section 13.7Tender Offers.
(a)   If any Person makes a tender offer for Shares, including, without limitation, a “mini-tender” offer, such Person (a “Bidder”) must comply with all of the provisions set forth in Regulation 14D of the Exchange Act, including, without limitation, disclosure and notice requirements, that would be applicable if the tender offer was for more than 5% of the outstanding Shares; provided, however, that such documents are not required to be filed with the SEC. In addition, any Bidder must provide notice to the Corporation at least 10 Business Days prior to initiating any such tender offer. If any Bidder initiates a tender offer without complying with the foregoing (a “Non-Compliant Tender Offer”), the Corporation may elect to publish, send or give to Stockholders and the Bidder a statement (a “Position Statement”), which Position Statement may be posted on the Corporation’s website, disclosing that the Corporation (a) recommends acceptance or rejection of the Non-Compliant Tender Offer, (b) expresses no opinion and is remaining neutral toward the Non-Compliant Tender Offer, or (c) is unable to take a position with respect to the Non-Compliant Tender Offer. If the Corporation issues a Position Statement but does not recommend acceptance of the Non-Compliant Tender Offer, then the Corporation may elect to cause the rescission provisions of paragraph (b) of this Section 13.7 to be applicable by including a notice of such election (a “13.7(b) notice”) in the Position Statement within 10 Business Days of the Corporation becoming aware of the commencement of the Non-Compliant Tender Offer:
(b)   If the Corporation includes a 13.7(b) notice in a Position Statement, and any Stockholder who tendered Shares in connection with the Non-Compliant Tender Offer delivers a notice (a “Rescission Notice”) to the Corporation within 30 days of issuance of the Position Statement indicating a desire to rescind such Stockholder’s tender, then such purported tender shall be void ab initio and the Bidder shall acquire no rights in such Shares and the Stockholder who delivered the Rescission Notice shall continue to have all rights in such Shares. Until the expiration of this 30-day period, the Corporation shall not record a transfer of Shares to the Bidder or its assignee in connection with the Tender Offer.
(c)   In addition, unless waived by the Corporation, any Person who makes a Non-Compliant Tender Offer that is not recommended by the Corporation in the Position Statement shall be responsible for all expenses incurred by the Corporation in connection with (x) its review and consideration of the Non-Compliant Tender Offer, including board of directors meeting costs and the costs of counsel and financial advisors, (y) the publication and/or distribution of the Position Statement, including printing and mailing costs, and (z) the enforcement of the provisions of this Section 13.7. In addition to the remedies provided herein, the Corporation may seek injunctive relief, including, without limitation, a temporary or permanent restraining order, in connection with any Non-Compliant Tender Offer.
(d)This Section 13.7 shall be of no force or effect with respect to any Shares that are then Listed as of the date of the commencement of the tender offer.

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ARTICLE XIV
ROLL-UP TRANSACTIONS
In connection with any proposed Roll-Up Transaction following the Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, an appraisal of all of the Corporation’s Assets shall be obtained from a competent Independent Appraiser. If the appraisal will be included in a prospectus used to offer the securities of a Roll-Up Entity, the appraisal shall be filed with the SEC and the states as an exhibit to the registration statement for the offering. The Corporation’s Assets shall be appraised on a consistent basis, and the appraisal shall be based on the evaluation of all relevant information and shall indicate the value of the Assets as of a date immediately prior to the announcement of the proposed Roll-Up Transaction. The appraisal shall assume an orderly liquidation of the Assets over a twelve-month period. The terms of the engagement of the Independent Appraiser shall clearly state that the engagement is for the benefit of the Corporation and the Stockholders. A summary of the appraisal, indicating all material assumptions underlying the appraisal, shall be included in a report to Stockholders in connection with a proposed Roll-Up Transaction. In connection with a proposed Roll-Up Transaction following the Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the Person sponsoring the Roll-Up Transaction shall offer to holders of Common Stock who vote against the proposed Roll-Up Transaction the choice of:
(a)accepting the securities of a Roll-Up Entity offered in the proposed Roll-Up Transaction; or
(b)one of the following:
(i)remaining as Stockholders and preserving their interests therein on the same terms and conditions as existed previously; or
(ii)receiving cash in an amount equal to the Stockholder’s pro rata share of the appraised value of the Net Assets.
The Corporation is prohibited from participating in any proposed Roll-Up Transaction following the Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO:
(a)that would result in the holders of Common Stock having democracy rights in a Roll-Up Entity that are less than the rights provided for in Sections 6.1 (limited to the provision that the Shares shall be fully paid and nonassessable when issued), 6.3, 9.1, 13.1, 13.2, 13.3, 13.4, 13.5 and 13.6 hereof;
(b)that includes provisions that would operate as a material impediment to, or frustration of, the accumulation of Shares by any purchaser of the securities of the Roll-Up Entity (except to the minimum extent necessary to preserve the tax status of the Roll-Up Entity), or which would limit the ability of an investor to exercise the voting rights of its securities of the Roll-Up Entity on the basis of the number of Shares held by that investor;
(c)in which investor’s rights to access of records of the Roll-Up Entity will be less than those described in Sections 13.4 and 13.5 hereof; or
(d)in which any of the costs of the Roll-Up Transaction would be borne by the Corporation if the Roll-Up Transaction is rejected by the holders of Common Stock.
ARTICLE XV
DEFINED TERMS
As used in the Charter, the following terms shall have the following meanings unless the context otherwise requires:
“Acquisition Expenses” shall mean any and all expenses, exclusive of Acquisition Fees, incurred by the Corporation, the Adviser or any Affiliate of either in connection with the selection, evaluation, structuring, acquisition, origination, financing and development of any assets, whether or not acquired, including, without limitation, legal fees and expenses, travel and communications expenses, costs of appraisals, nonrefundable option payments on property not acquired, accounting fees and expenses and title insurance premiums and the costs of performing due diligence.

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“Acquisition Fee” shall mean any and all fees and commissions, exclusive of Acquisition Expenses, paid by any Person to any other Person (including any fees or commissions paid by or to any Affiliate of the Corporation or the Adviser) in connection with making or investing in Mortgages or Real Estate-Related Securities or the purchase, development or construction of a Property, including real estate commissions, selection fees, Development Fees, Construction Fees, nonrecurring management fees, loan fees, points or any other fees of a similar nature. Excluded shall be Development Fees and Construction Fees paid to any Person not affiliated with the Sponsor in connection with the actual development and construction of a project.
“Adviser” shall mean the Person responsible for directing or performing the day-to-day business affairs of the Corporation, including any Person to whom the Adviser subcontracts all or a substantial portion of such functions.
“Advisory Agreement” shall mean the agreement between the Corporation and the Adviser pursuant to which the Adviser will direct or perform the day-to-day business affairs of the Corporation.
“Affiliate” shall mean, with respect to any Person, (a) any Person directly or indirectly owning, controlling or holding, with the power to vote, 10% or more of the outstanding voting securities of such other Person, (b) any Person 10% or more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly owned, controlled or held, with the power to vote, by such other Person, (c) any Person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by or under common control with such other Person, including any partnership in which such Person is a general partner, (d) any executive officer, director, trustee or general partner of such other Person and (e) any legal entity for which such Person acts as an executive officer, director, trustee or general partner.
“Asset” of the Corporation shall mean any Property, Mortgage, Real Estate-Related Securities or other asset owned by the Corporation, directly or indirectly through one or more of its Affiliates.
“Average Invested Assets” shall mean, for a specified period, the average of the aggregate book value of the Assets of the Corporation invested, directly or indirectly, in equity interests in and loans secured by real estate, including all Properties, Mortgages and Real Estate-Related Securities and consolidated and unconsolidated Joint Ventures or other partnerships, before deducting depreciation, amortization, bad debt reserves or other non-cash reserves, computed by taking the average of such values at the end of each month during such period.
“Bidder” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 13.7 herein.
“Board” or “Board of Directors” shall mean the Board of Directors of the Corporation.
“Bylaws” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 5.1 herein.
“Charter” shall mean the charter of the Corporation.
“Class A Common Stock” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 6.1 herein.
“Class B Common Stock” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 6.1 herein.
“Code” shall have the meaning as provided in Article II herein.
“Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO” shall mean the date that the SEC declares effective the registration statement filed by the Corporation under the Securities Act with respect to the first Public Offering that is registered with the SEC and the states.
“Common Stock” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 6.1 herein.
“Competitive Real Estate Commission” shall mean a real estate or brokerage commission paid for the purchase or Sale of a Property that is reasonable, customary and competitive in light of the size, type and location of the Property.
“Construction Fee” shall mean a fee or other remuneration for acting as general contractor and/or construction manager to construct improvements, supervise and coordinate projects or provide major repairs or rehabilitations on a Property.

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“Contract Purchase Price” shall mean the amount actually paid or allocated in respect of the purchase, development, construction or improvement of a Property or the amount of funds advanced with respect to a Mortgage, or the amount actually paid or allocated in respect of the purchase of other Assets of the Corporation, in each case exclusive of Acquisition Fees and Acquisition Expenses.
“Corporation” shall have the meaning as provided in Article I herein.
“Development Fee” shall mean a fee for the packaging of a Property, including the negotiation and approval of plans, and any assistance in obtaining zoning and necessary variances and financing for a specific Property, either initially or at a later date.
“Director” shall mean the members of the Board of Directors.
“Distributions” shall mean any distributions (as such term is defined in Section 2-301 of the MGCL), pursuant to Section 6.7 hereof, by the Corporation to owners of Shares, including distributions that may constitute a return of capital for federal income tax purposes.
“Early Conversion” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 6.2 herein.
“Excess Amount” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 10.8 herein.
“Exchange Act” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended from time to time, or any successor statute thereto. Reference to any provision of the Exchange Act shall mean such provision as in effect from time to time, as the same may be amended, and any successor provision thereto, as interpreted by any applicable regulations as in effect from time to time.
“FINRA” shall mean the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, Inc.
“First Conversion Date” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 6.2 herein.
“GAAP” shall mean U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
“Indemnitee” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 9.2 herein.
“Independent Appraiser” shall mean a Person with no material current or prior business or personal relationship with the Adviser or the Directors and who is engaged to a substantial extent in the business of rendering opinions regarding the value of Real Property and/or other Assets of the type held by the Corporation. Membership in a nationally recognized appraisal society such as the Appraisal Institute shall be conclusive evidence of being engaged to a substantial extent in the business of rendering opinions regarding the value of Real Property.
“Independent Director” shall mean, prior to Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, a Director that meets the independence requirements established by the Board of Directors in its discretion. Upon Commencement of the Non-Traded IPO, the term “Independent Director” shall mean a Director who is not on the date of determination, and within the last two years from the date of determination has not been, directly or indirectly associated with the Sponsor or the Adviser by virtue of (a) ownership of an interest in the Sponsor, the Adviser or any of their Affiliates, (b) employment by the Sponsor, the Adviser or any of their Affiliates, (c) service as an officer or director of the Sponsor, the Adviser or any of their Affiliates, (d) performance of services, other than as a Director, for the Corporation, (e) service as a director or trustee of more than three REITs organized by the Sponsor or advised by the Adviser or (f) maintenance of a material business or professional relationship with the Sponsor, the Adviser or any of their Affiliates. A business or professional relationship is considered “material” if the aggregate gross income derived by the Director from the Sponsor, the Adviser and their Affiliates exceeds 5% of either the Director’s annual gross income, derived from all sources, during either of the last two years or the Director’s net worth on a fair market value basis. An indirect association with the Sponsor or the Adviser shall include circumstances in which a Director’s spouse, parent, child, sibling, mother- or father-in-law, son- or daughter-in-law or brother- or sister-in-law is or has been associated with the Sponsor, the Adviser, any of their Affiliates or the Corporation.
“Initial Automatic Conversion Date” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 6.2 herein.

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“Initial Investment” shall mean that portion (i.e., $200,000) of the initial capitalization of the Corporation contributed by the Sponsor or its Affiliates pursuant to Section II.A. of the NASAA REIT Guidelines.
“Invested Capital” shall mean the amount calculated by multiplying the total number of Shares purchased by Stockholders by the issue price of such Shares at the time of such purchase, reduced by the portion of any Distribution that is attributable to net sales proceeds and by any amounts paid by the Corporation to repurchase Shares pursuant to the Corporation’s plan for the repurchase of Shares.
“Joint Ventures” shall mean those joint venture or partnership arrangements in which the Corporation or any of its subsidiaries is a co-venturer or partner established to acquire or hold Assets of the Corporation.
“Leverage” shall mean the aggregate amount of indebtedness of the Corporation for money borrowed (including purchase money mortgage loans) outstanding at any time, both secured and unsecured.
“Listing” shall mean the listing of any or all of the Common Stock on a national securities exchange. Upon a Listing, such Common Stock shall be deemed “Listed.”
“MGCL” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 5.1 herein.
“Mortgages” shall mean, in connection with any mortgage financing that the Corporation makes or invests in, all of the notes, deeds of trust, security interests or other evidences of indebtedness or obligations, which are secured or collateralized by Real Property owned by the borrowers under such notes, deeds of trust, security interests or other evidences of indebtedness or obligations.
“NASAA REIT Guidelines” shall mean the Statement of Policy Regarding Real Estate Investment Trusts published by the North American Securities Administrators Association on May 7, 2007.
“Net Assets” shall mean the total Assets (other than intangibles) at cost, before deducting depreciation, reserves for bad debts or other non-cash reserves, less total liabilities, calculated at least quarterly by the Corporation on a basis consistently applied.
“Net Income” shall mean for any period, the Corporation’s total revenues applicable to such period, less the total expenses applicable to such period other than additions to, or allowances for, non-cash charges such as depreciation, amortization, impairments and reserves for bad debt or other similar non-cash reserves. If the Adviser receives an incentive fee pursuant to Section 10.6 hereof, Net Income, for purposes of calculating Total Operating Expenses in Section 10.8 hereof, shall exclude any gain from the Sale of the Assets of the Corporation.
“Non-Compliant Tender Offer” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 13.7 herein.
“Offering” shall mean any offering of Shares for the account of the Corporation.
“Organization and Offering Expenses” shall mean any and all costs and expenses incurred by the Corporation and to be paid from the Assets of the Corporation in connection with the formation of the Corporation and the qualification and registration of an Offering, and the marketing and distribution of Shares, including, without limitation, total underwriting and brokerage discounts and commissions, costs related to investor and broker-dealer sales meetings, fees and expenses of the underwriters’ attorneys, expenses for printing, engraving, mailing, salaries of employees while engaged in sales activity, telephone and other telecommunications costs, all advertising and marketing expenses, charges of transfer agents, registrars, trustees, escrow holders, depositories and experts, and fees, expenses and taxes related to the filing, registration and qualification of the sale of the Shares under federal and state laws, including accountants’ and attorneys’ fees.
“Person” shall have the meaning as provided in Article VII herein.
“Preferred Stock” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 6.1 herein.
“Property” or “Properties” shall mean, as the context requires, any, or all, respectively, of the Real Property acquired by the Corporation, directly or indirectly, including through joint venture arrangements or other partnership or investment interests.

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“Prospectus” shall mean the prospectus included in the most recent effective registration statement filed by the Corporation with the SEC with respect to the applicable Public Offering, as such prospectus may be amended or supplemented from time to time.
“Public Offering” shall mean any offering of Shares by the Corporation pursuant to a Prospectus contained in a registration statement filed with the SEC under the Securities Act.
“Real Estate-Related Securities” shall mean equity and debt securities of both publicly traded and private companies, including REITs and pass-through entities, that own Real Property or loans secured by real estate, including investments in commercial mortgage-backed securities and derivative instruments, owned by the Corporation directly or indirectly through one or more of its Affiliates.
“Real Property” shall mean land, rights in land (including leasehold interests) and any buildings, structures, improvements, furnishings, fixtures and equipment located on or used in connection with land and rights or interests in land.
“Rescission Notice” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 13.7 herein.
“REIT” shall mean a corporation, trust, association or other legal entity (other than a real estate syndication) that is engaged primarily in investing in equity interests in real estate (including fee ownership and leasehold interests) or in loans secured by real estate or both, as defined pursuant to the REIT provisions of the Code.
“Reinvestment Plan” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 6.10 herein.
“Repurchase Plan” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 6.9 herein.
“Roll-Up Entity” shall mean a partnership, real estate investment trust, corporation, trust or other entity that would be created or would survive after the successful completion of a proposed Roll-Up Transaction.
“Roll-Up Transaction” shall mean a transaction involving the acquisition, merger, conversion or consolidation either directly or indirectly of the Corporation and the issuance of securities of a Roll-Up Entity to the holders of Common Stock. Such term does not include:
(a)   a transaction involving securities of the Corporation that have been listed on a national securities exchange for at least twelve months; or
(b)   a transaction involving the conversion to corporate, trust or association form of only the Corporation, if, as a consequence of the transaction, there will be no significant adverse change in any of the following:
(i)    voting rights of the holders of Common Stock;
(ii)   the term of existence of the Corporation;
(iii)   Sponsor or Adviser compensation; or
(iv)   the Corporation’s investment objectives.
“Sale” shall include any transaction or series of transactions whereby: (A) the Corporation directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition) sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of any Property or portion thereof, including the lease of any Property consisting of a building only, and including any event with respect to any Property which gives rise to a significant amount of insurance proceeds or condemnation awards; (B) the Corporation directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition) sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of all or substantially all of the interest of the Corporation in any Joint Venture in which it is a co-venturer or partner; (C) any Joint Venture in which the Corporation is a co-venturer or partner directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition) sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of any Property or portion thereof, including any event with respect to any Property which gives rise to a significant amount of insurance proceeds or condemnation awards; (D) the Corporation directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition) sells, grants, conveys or relinquishes its

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interest in any Mortgage or Real Estate-Related Securities or portion thereof, including any payments thereunder or in satisfaction thereof (other than regularly scheduled interest payments) or any amounts owed pursuant to such Mortgage or Real Estate-Related Securities, and including any event with respect to any Mortgage or Real Estate-Related Securities which gives rise to a significant amount of insurance proceeds or similar awards; and (E) the Corporation directly or indirectly (except as described in other subsections of this definition) sells, grants, transfers, conveys or relinquishes its ownership of any other Asset not previously described in this definition or any portion thereof.
“SEC” shall mean the U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
“Second Conversion Date” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 6.2 herein.
“Securities Act” shall mean the Securities Act of 1933, as amended from time to time, or any successor statute thereto. Reference to any provision of the Securities Act shall mean such provision as in effect from time to time, as the same may be amended, and any successor provision thereto, as interpreted by any applicable regulations as in effect from time to time.
“SDAT” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 6.4 herein.
“Shares” shall mean shares of stock of the Corporation of any class or series, including Common Stock and Preferred Stock.
“Sponsor” shall mean any Person that (i) is directly or indirectly instrumental in organizing, wholly or in part, the Corporation or (ii) will control, manage or participate in the management of the Corporation, and any Affiliate of such Person. A Person may also be deemed a Sponsor of the Corporation by: (a) taking the initiative, directly or indirectly, in founding or organizing the Corporation, either alone or in conjunction with one or more other Persons, (b) receiving a material participation in the Corporation in connection with the founding or organizing of the business of the Corporation, in consideration of services or property, or both services and property, (c) having a substantial number of relationships and contacts with the Corporation, (d) possessing significant rights to control Properties, (e) receiving fees for providing services to the Corporation which are paid on a basis that is not customary in the industry or (f) providing goods or services to the Corporation on a basis which was not negotiated at arm’s-length with the Corporation. “Sponsor” does not include any Person whose only relationship with the Corporation is that of an independent property manager and whose only compensation is as such, or wholly independent third parties such as attorneys, accountants and underwriters whose only compensation is for professional services.
“Stockholders” shall mean the holders of record of the Shares as maintained in the books and records of the Corporation or its transfer agent.
“Stockholder List” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 13.5 herein.
“Total Operating Expenses” shall mean all costs and expenses paid or incurred by the Corporation, as determined under GAAP, including advisory fees, but excluding: (i) the expenses of raising capital such as Organization and Offering Expenses, legal, audit, accounting, underwriting, brokerage, listing, registration and other fees, printing and other such expenses and taxes incurred in connection with the issuance, distribution, transfer, registration and Listing of the Shares, (ii) property level expenses incurred at each property, (iii) interest payments, (iv) taxes, (v) non-cash expenditures such as depreciation, amortization and bad debt reserves, (vi) incentive fees paid in compliance with Section 10.6, (vii) Acquisition Fees and Acquisition Expenses, (viii) real estate commissions on the Sale of Property and (ix) other fees and expenses connected with the acquisition, disposition, management and ownership of real estate interests, mortgage loans or other property (including the costs of foreclosure, insurance premiums, legal services, maintenance, repair and improvement of property).
“Unimproved Real Property” shall mean Property (i) in which the Corporation has an equity interest that was not acquired for the purpose of producing rental or other operating income, (ii) that has no development or construction in process and (iii) for which no development or construction is planned, in good faith, to commence within one year.
“2%/25% Guidelines” shall have the meaning as provided in Section 10.8 herein.

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THIRD:   The amendment to and restatement of the charter as hereinabove set forth have been duly advised by the Board of Directors and approved by the stockholders of the Corporation as required by law.
FOURTH:   The current address of the principal office of the Corporation is as set forth in Article III of the foregoing amendment and restatement of the charter.
FIFTH:   The name and address of the Corporation’s current resident agent are as set forth in Article IV of the foregoing amendment and restatement of the charter.
SIXTH:   The number of directors of the Corporation and the names of those currently in office are as set forth in Article V of the foregoing amendment and restatement of the charter.
SEVENTH:   The undersigned acknowledges these Second Articles of Amendment and Restatement to be the corporate act of the Corporation and as to all matters or facts required to be verified under oath, the undersigned acknowledges that, to the best of his knowledge, information and belief, these matters and facts are true in all material respects and that this statement is made under the penalties for perjury.

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Corporation has caused these Second Articles of Amendment and Restatement to be signed in its name and on its behalf by its Chief Executive Officer and attested to by its Chief Financial Officer and Secretary on this 16th[      ] day of December, 2019December [      ], 2023.
​ATTEST:​​TERRA PROPERTY TRUST, INC.​
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Name: Gregory M. Pinkus
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Name: Vikram S. Uppal
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​Title: Chief Financial Officer and Secretary​​
Title: Chief Executive Officer
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TERRA PROPERTY TRUST, INC.POINC. PO Box 43131Providence, RI 02940-313143131 EVERY VOTE IS IMPORTANTEASYIMPORTANT Providence, RI 02940-3131 EASY VOTING OPTIONS: VOTE ON THE INTERNETLogINTERNET Log on to:www.proxy-direct.comor www.proxy-direct.com or scan the QR codeFollowcode Follow the on-screen instructionsavailableinstructions available 24 hours VOTE BY PHONECall 1-800-337-3503FollowPHONE Call 1-800-337-3503 Follow the recorded instructions available 24 hours VOTE BY MAILVote, sign and date this ProxyCard and return in thepostage-paid envelope VOTE AT VIRTUAL MEETINGatMEETING at the following website:www.meetnow.global/MQPT7QTon November 30, 2023,M49792H on July 16, 2024, beginning at 9:00 a.m. Eastern Time.ToTime. To participate in the SpecialAnnual Meeting,enter the 14-digit control number fromthefrom the shaded box on this card. VOTE BY MAIL Vote, sign and date this Proxy Card and return in the postage-paid envelope Please detach at perforation before mailing. TERRA PROPERTY TRUST, INC.PROXYINC. PROXY FOR THE SPECIALANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERSTOSTOCKHOLDERS TO BE HELD ON NOVEMBER 30, 2023July 16, 2024 THIS PROXY
IS SOLICITED ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS. The undersigned stockholder hereby appoints Vikram S. Uppal and Gregory M. Pinkus as proxies of the undersigned, with full power of substitution to each, and hereby authorizes each of them to represent the undersigned and to vote at the SpecialAnnual Meeting of Stockholders of Terra Property Trust, Inc. (the “Company”) to be held virtually at the following website: www.meetnow.global/MQPT7QT,M49792H, on November 30, 2023,July 16, 2024, at [9:00]9:00 a.m. Eastern Time (the “Special“Annual Meeting”) and at any and all adjournments or postponements thereof, all shares of the Company which the undersigned would be entitled to vote if personally present, in accordance with the following instructions. The undersigned hereby revokes any all proxies with respect to such shares previously given by the undersigned. The undersigned acknowledges receipt of the Proxy Statement related to the SpecialAnnual Meeting. The shares represented by each properly executed proxy will be voted in the manner specified in such proxy. If this proxy card is submitted with no direction, but is signed, dated and returned, this proxy will be voted FOR the proposalproposals specified on the reverse side. This proxy also grants discretionary power to vote upon such other business as may properly come before the SpecialAnnual Meeting. VOTE VIA THE INTERNET: www.proxy-direct.comVOTEwww.proxy-direct.com VOTE VIA THE TELEPHONE: 1-800-337-3503 TPT_33638_102523PLEASETPT_33892_040224 PLEASE MARK, SIGN, DATE ON THE REVERSE SIDE AND RETURN THE PROXY CARD USING THE ENCLOSED ENVELOPE. xxxxxxxxxxxxxx code​
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xxxxxxxxxxxxxx codeEVERYEVERY STOCKHOLDER’S VOTE IS IMPORTANT Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for theTerrathe Terra Property Trust, Inc. SpecialAnnual Meeting of Stockholders to Be Held Virtually on November 30, 2023.TheJuly 16, 2024. The Proxy Statement and Proxy Card for this meeting are available at:https://www.proxy-direct.com/ter-33638ter-33892 IF YOU VOTE BY TELEPHONE OR INTERNET,PLEASE DO NOT MAIL YOUR CARD Please detach at perforation before mailing. THIS PROXY, WHEN PROPERLY EXECUTED, WILL BE VOTED IN THE MANNER DIRECTED HEREON AND, IF NO CHOICE IS INDICATED, WILL BE VOTED “FOR” THE PROPOSAL.TOPROPOSALS. TO VOTE MARK BLOCKS BELOW IN BLUE OR BLACK INK AS SHOWN IN THIS EXAMPLE: X A ProposalProposals The Board of Directors recommends a vote “FOR” each of the Director Nominees in Proposal 1 and “FOR” Proposal
2. 1. The election of six members of the Company’s board of directors, each to serve until the annual meeting of the Company’s stockholders held in the year ended December 31, 2025 and in each case until their successor is duly elected and qualifies. FOR WITHHOLD FOR WITHHOLD FOR WITHHOLD 01 Vikram S. Uppal 02 Roger H. Beless 03 Michael L. Evans 04. Adrienne M. Everett 05. Spencer E. Goldenberg 06 Gaurav Misra FOR AGAINST ABSTAN 1. Proposal to Amend and RestateABSTAIN 2. The ratification of the appointment of KPMG LLP as the Company’s Articles of Amendment and Restatement as set forth inindependent registered public accounting firm for the Second Articles.fiscal year ending December 31, 2024. B Authorized Signatures —– This section must be completed for your vote to be counted. —– Sign and Date BelowNote:Below Note: Please sign exactly as your name(s) appear(s) on this Proxy Card, and date it. When shares are held jointly, each holder should sign. When signing as attorney, executor, guardian, administrator, trustee, officer of corporation or other entity or in
another representative capacity, please give the full title under the signature.Datesignature. Date (mm/dd/yyyy) —– Please print date below Signature 1 —– Please keep signature within the box Signature 2 —– Please keep signature within the box / / Scanner bar codexxxxxxxxxxxxxxcode xxxxxxxxxxxxxx TPT 3363833892 xxxxxxxx
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